文档介绍：短穗竹丛枝病病原的形态学及分子鉴定
程燕林1,李向敏1,侯成林1,高健2*
(,北京 100037;
,国家林业局竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京 100102)
摘要:丛枝病是竹类常见的真菌病害之一,在我国分布极广,对竹林危害严重,研究丛枝病的病原对竹林的病虫害防治有着重要的意义。本病可由多种病原引起,竹香柱菌即是其中之一。竹香柱菌包括箬竹香柱菌(Epichloë sasae)和箣竹香柱菌(Epichloë bambusae)两种,目前载,但均不详细,尤其对Epichloë sasae更未见对其深入研究。笔者从安徽省广德县采集到患香柱型丛枝病的短穗竹,对其病原菌的形态学和培养特征进行观察,并对其进行了分子系统学分析,最终确定该菌为Epichloë sasae,并依据Eiji Tanaka (2002) 年的研究结果将其更名为箬竹异香柱菌Heteroepichloë sasae。
关键词:短穗竹;丛枝病;竹香柱菌;系统发育分析
Identification of the pathogen of witches’ broom on Brachystachyum
by morphology and phylogeny
Cheng Yan-lin, LI Xiang-min, HOU Cheng-lin, GAO Jian
(1. College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, P. R. China; 2. International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, SFA Key Laboratory on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, P. R. China)
Abstract: Witches’ broom is one of mon diseases by fungi,which is widespread in China. It is dangerous to the bamboos. So it is significant to study the pathogen of witches’ broom for control. This disease can be caused by several kinds of pathogen. Epichloë spp. are the examples of them, which include Epichloë sasae and Epichloë bambusae. The author collect some branches of Brachystachyum sp. which suffered from Epichloë-Witches’ broom, and investigate its pathogen deeply and systematically. It is finally determined to be Epichloë sasae by morphological, cultural and ic character, and is renamed to Heteroepichloë sasae according to Eiji Tanaka (2002).
Key words: Brachystachyum; witches’ broom; Heteroepichloë sasae; ic analysis
竹子属禾本科竹亚科植物,全球约有78属,1400多种[1],中国约有39属,500余种[2]。中国是世界上竹资源最丰富的国家之一,也是竹子起源的中心,其竹林总面积超过500万hm2,占全球竹林面积的1/4左右[3]。竹子在中国主要分布于40°N以南地区,除新疆、内蒙古和黑龙江外,其它各地均有生长,主要集中在安徽、浙江、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、云南、￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣
基金项目:国家林业局“948”项目(2006-4-71)
*通讯作者
四川和台湾等地。自古以来,竹子与人们的衣、食、住、行密切相关,具有重要的社会和经济价值。此外,一些作为观赏植物的竹子,在生态保护和环境的改善与美化方面发挥了巨大的作用。短穗竹(Brachystachyum spp.)是我国特有属,又称苦竹, 主要分布于江苏、浙江、安徽、江西等省,湖北、福建、广东等地有少量分布[4-6],具有食用、生态和重要的科研价值[7]。
丛枝病是竹类常见