文档介绍：大学物理一级实验绪论数据处理物理教学实验中心 2014-3 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 有效数字测量只写到开始有误差的那一位,该位数后:四舍六入五凑偶有效数字的位数与小数点无关: 同 123 , , 和测量结果中可靠的几位数加上不确定的一位数 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 加减运算:最大不确定度分量决定: +- 2 =430 乘除运算:最少有效数字分量决定: 48 2 =52 运算结果第一位是 1,2 时,多保留一位: = 2 不确定度未知直接:仪器最小分度间接:位数+运算方式已知不确定度有效数字一位取齐 ? Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例:测量圆柱体合金的密度,求标准不确定度已知: m= g 允差 D/mm H/mm 直径 D用千分尺,高 H用游标卡尺 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Kp P 正态分布均匀分布三角分布仪器误差分布置信系数 C 米尺正态 3 游标卡尺均匀√3 千分尺正态 3 物理天平正态 3 秒表正态 3 不同分布测量仪器的置信概率 P与置信因子 K p 几种常见仪器的误差分布与置信系数 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 18 9m Dm ? AD u mm ???( 0.