文档介绍：Meta-analysis in Stata:
history, progress and prospects
Jonathan Sterne
Department of Social Medicine
University of Bristol, UK
Outline
• Systematic reviews and meta-analysis
• Meta-analysis in Stata
• Bias in meta-analysis
• mands to investigate bias
• Present situation
•The Future……
Systematic reviews
• Systematic approach to minimize biases and random
errors
• Always includes materials and methods section
• May include meta-analysis
Chalmers and Altman 1994
Meta-analysis
• A statistical analysis bines the results of
several independent studies considered by the analyst to
be ‘combinable’
Huque 1988
Streptokinase (thrombolytic therapy)
• Simple idea if we can dissolve the blood clot causing
acute myocardial infarction then we can save lives
• However – possible serious side effects
• First trial - 1959
Pub Streptokinase group Control group
Trial Trial name year Deaths Total Deaths Total
1 Fletcher 1959 1 12 4 11
2 Dewar 1963 4 21 7 21
3 1st European 1969 20 83 15 84
4 Heikinheimo 1971 22 219 17 207
5 Italian 1971 19 164 18 157
6 2nd European 1971 69 373 94 357
7 2nd Frankfurt 1973 13 102 29 104
8 1st Australian 1973 26 264 32 253
9 NHLBI SMIT 1974 7 53 3 54
10 Valere 1975 11 49 9 42
11 Frank 1975 6 55 6 53
12 UK Collaborative 1976 48 302 52 293
13 Klein 1976 4 14 1 9
14 Austrian 1977 37 352 65 376
15 Lasierra 1977 1 13 3 11
16 N German 1977 63 249 51 234
17 Witchitz 1977 5 32 5 26
18 2nd Australian 1977 25 112 31 118
19 3rd European 1977 25 156 50 159
20 ISAM 1986 54 859 63 882
21 GISSI-1 1986 628 5860 758 5852
22 ISIS-2 1988 791 8592 1029 8595
Risk ratio
Study (95% CI)
Fletcher (,)
Dewar (,)
1st European (,)
Heikinheimo (,)
Italian (,)
2nd European (,)
2nd Frankfurt (,)
1st Australian (,)
NHLBI SMIT (,)
Valere (,)
Frank (,)
U