文档介绍：132 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT, VOL. 48, NO. 2, MAY 2001
Science and Technology Roadmaps
Ronald N. Kostoff and Robert R. Schaller
Abstract—Science and technology (S&T) roadmaps are used should integrate with the user, the quality of the decision aid
in industry, government, and academia to portray the struc- technologies is outpacing the quality of their applications.
tural relationships among science, technology, and applications. This paper focuses on one of these promising decision
Roadmaps are employed as decision aids to improve coordi-
nation of activities and resources in plex and aids—the umbrella group of monly referred to
uncertain environments. Specific uses of roadmaps include: S&T as “roadmaps.” The purpose of this paper is to identify intrinsic
management including strategy, planning, executing, reviewing, roadmap characteristics for improving the quality of their
and transitioning; S&T marketing; munications applications. Roadmap construction ideally involves many, if
among researchers, technologists, product managers, suppliers, not all, of plementary decision aids mentioned above.
users, and other stakeholders; identifying gaps and opportunities
in S&T programs; and identifying obstacles to rapid and low-cost Enumerating requirements and principles for roadmap quality
product development. S&T managers also use roadmaps to help should extrapolate to requirements and principles for other
identify those S&T areas that have high potential promise, and to decision aids’ high-quality as well.
accelerate the transfer of the S&T to eventual products. However,
there has been little attention paid to the practice of roadmap- B. Definitions
ping in the published literature. This paper is a first attempt to
bring mon definition to roadmapping practices and Generically, a “road map” is a layout of paths or routes that
display the underlying unity of seemingly fragmented roadmap exists (or could exist) in some particular ge