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Dissertation for the Master's Degree in Engineering

FLOW-FIELD ANALYSIS AND
STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION OF OIL
SUMP IN THRUST BEARING OF
LARGE-SCALE WATER TURBINE
GENERATOR

Candidate: Lu Deping
Supervisor: Prof. Wang Hongjie
Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Engineering
Speciality: Fluid Machinery and Engineering
Affiliation: School of Energy Science and
Engineering
Date of Defence: July, 2010
Degree-Conferring-Institution: Harbin Institute of Technology
摘要
摘要
水轮发电机组中,承受巨大轴向推力的推力轴承,是机组能否安全可靠运
行的关键部件之一。随着机组单机容量的不断提高,尺寸不断增大和结构的日
趋复杂,确保推力轴承在实际运行中的安全可靠成为首先需要解决的问题。推
力轴承运行可靠性主要取决于轴瓦的支撑方式和润滑油的冷却结构,所以研究
不同冷却结构下的油槽内部流场具有重大的意义。
推力轴承是应用液体润滑承载原理的机械结构部件,在一定的旋转速度下,
轴承的正常运转依靠由润滑油的粘滞作用所形成的楔形油膜来维持,因此楔形
油膜的形状和尺寸等参数直接影响推力轴承运行和性能,本课题基于1000MW水
电机组推力轴承研究项目子项目,对大型推力轴承油槽内部的流场进行分析,
通过改变楔形油膜的形状和尺寸、转动部件的转速等对推力轴承承载力和流场
进行计算分析。
本文对推力轴承的分类和理论知识进行了简单的介绍,用三维建模软件UG
,Gambit软件进行网格划分、边界类型设置,Fluent软件对边界
条件、求解方法、湍流模型、壁面条件等进行设置,计算中采用标准κ-ε模型,
稳态、分离式求解器进行迭代求解,得到五种不同结构推力轴承油槽内部的流
场特征,了解其流动趋势和分布规律,在此基础上得到五种不同结构推力轴承
1/12模型的整体压力分布、进油侧和出油侧的速度分布,并计算不同条件下推力
轴承的承载力,通过对比分析得到推力轴承承载力与间隙尺寸、间隙形状、转
动部件转速之间的关系及相同间隙不同结构推力轴承承载力的变化,最终,对
推力轴承的进行优化设计。

关键词:推力轴承;楔形油膜;数值模拟;优化设计

I
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士毕业论文
Abstract
In the hydroelectric generating set, the thrust bearing under huge axis push is one
of the ponents which determine whether the unit can be operating safely and
reliably. With the increase of the capacity, size and plexity of the unit, it
is primary to ensure the thrust bearing run safely and reliably in the actual operation.
The reliability of thrust bearing on the operation mainly depends on the support of the
bearing bush and the cooling structure of lubricant, so it is of great significance to
study the internal flow filed of oil sump under different cooling structures.
Thrust bearing is a ponent which is based on bearing principle by
liquid lu