文档介绍：语法复习八:强调句、It的用法
一、强调句
(一)强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(强调主语且主语指人可以用who,当然也可以使用that)+ 其它部分。
强调句式只是把句子中某些词(被强调部分)改变位置,所以把强调结构(it is/was... that/who)去掉之后,句子一定是完整的
. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。这是重点
. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分? 一定要注意,这是出题点,也是考点,掌握它的最好方法是多记几个这样的句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.
. When and where was it that you were born?
: 强调句式只是把句子中某些词(被强调部分)改变位置,所以把强调结构(it is/was... that/who)
去掉之后,句子一定是完整的
4、强调句例句:
针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
句子进行强调。
强调主语:It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意:构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种,一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was …,其余的时态用It is …。
(二)not … until …句型的强调句这也是出题点和考点,掌握的方法: 多记几个这样的句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.
1、句型为:It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其它部分
. 普通句:He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not …已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。
(三)谓语动词的强调
1、It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。
. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!
2、注意:此种强调只用do/ does和did ,没有别的形式;过去时用did ,后面的谓语动词用原形。
二、It的用法
(一)作人称代词
1、it代替前面(或后面)的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
. You cannot eat your cake but have it.(it代替前面的cake)
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. (it代替后面的air)
They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it.
(it代替前面They…town分句中的情况)
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西(包括婴儿)。
. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It w