文档介绍：, 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
2. 定义:用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
一、虚拟语气定义
二、虚拟语气的考点
1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法;
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;
3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法;
5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。
1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时间
If 条件句
主句
过去
had done
would
should +have done sth
could
might
现在
助动词 be用 were
实义动词 do 用 did
would
should + do sth
could
might
将来
did / were
should do
were to do
would
should + do sth
could
Might
1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.
与现在事实相反
与过去事实相反
5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.
6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.
与未来事实相反
If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now.
A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t
2. _____more careful, his ship would not have
sunk.
A. If the captain were
B. If the captain had been
C. Should the captain be
D. If the captain would have been
3. If he ____ me tomorrow, I would let him know
A. should call B. should not have been able
C. were not able D. are not able
B
C
A
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;
假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中含有
should,were, had 三个助动词并且放在句首时,可以把if省略。
If I were you, I would give it up.
Were I you, I would give it up.
If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do?
a flood, what should we do?
Should there be
3. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。
主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。
宾语从句。常见动词:
一个坚持:insist
两个命令:order, command
三个建议:advise, suggest, propose
六个要求urge\demand\require\request\desire ask
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形,或者将should省略。
我们建议Tom去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should) be present.
The king or