文档介绍：Grammar and usage
Attributive Clause
Harry Potter
a boy with glasses
a boy who is brave and wearing glasses
a brave boy
Attribute/定语
1 概念Definition:
定语从句
*在复合句中,用来修饰某一个名词/代词的从句
You must do everything that I do.
*被修饰的这个名词或代词,叫做先行词
*定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面
*关系代词/关系副词: 作用连接先行词和定语从句
在定语从句中充当成分
*关系代词:在从句中,做主语或宾语()
* who/ whom人, which物, that人/物, whose人/物,(所有格+n.)
***In Attributive Clause, no “what”, no “how”.
: Two boys are sitting at the back of the classroom.
They are teachers.
The boys who are sitting at the back of the classroom are teachers.
注意:
*在汉语中,,但在英语中,(a beautiful room),。
*做定语从句时,必须先把主句确定下来。
: Yesterday I saw a boy.
He was having KFC happily.
I saw the boy who was having KFC happily.
先行词
关系代词,做主语
Q :Can we use “whom” here?
: The person who/ whom I’m looking for is a boy.
关系代词,作for的宾语
*在指代人的情况下, 关系代词在从句中做宾语时,即可用who也可用whom. 而做主语时,则只用who
如果指代物,则用which,从句中可做主语/宾语:
We are sitting in a classroom which is very big.
The fish which we bought was not fresh.
whose 所有格“----的”, 可指代人/物的先行词,但其后肯定要加一个n.,做定语
I saw a student.
His handwriting is terrible.
I saw a student whose handwriting was terrible.
*I saw a book whose cover was dirty.
注意点:
*关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单复数由先行词决定。
The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.
*大部分情况下,可用that代替which/ who/ whom,指代人或物,而且在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略
eg: She lived in the house which/that was built by my father.
She was a teacher who/that taught us English.
The student (whom /that) we saw just now is the best student in our school.
*关系代词在做从句主语时,不可以省去;而如果做从句的宾语,则可以省去。
关系代词
that 指代人/物,在从句中做主/宾语
which 指代物,在从句中做主/宾语
who指代人,在从句中做主/宾语
whom代人,在从句中做宾语
whose指代人,在从句中做定语,后跟名词
Antecedent
Subject
Object
Possessive
Note
persons
A relative pronoun can be omitted when it is used as the object in an attributive clause
things
Relative pronouns used in
attributive clauses
who/
that
whom/who/
that
whose
which/
that
which/
that
whose/of which