文档介绍：2020
操作管理OperationManagementHeizer9ch16f
Toyota Motor Corporation
Largest vehicle manufacturer in the world with anighten – methods analysis tools
Shine/sweep – clean daily
Standardize – remove variations from processes
Sustain/self-discipline – review work and recognize progress
Two additional Ss
Safety – build in good practices
Support/maintenance – reduce variability and unplanned downtime
Remove Variability
JIT systems require managers to reduce variability caused by both internal and external factors
Variability is any deviation from the optimum process
Inventory hides variability
Less variability results in less waste
Sources of Variability
Incomplete or inaccurate drawings or specifications
Poor production processes resulting in incorrect quantities, late, or non-conforming units
Unknown customer demands
Sources of Variability
Incomplete or inaccurate drawings or specifications
Poor production processes resulting in incorrect quantities, late, or non-conforming units
Unknown customer demands
Both JIT and inventory reduction are effective tools in identifying causes of variability
Improve Throughput
The time it takes to move an order from receipt to delivery
The time between the arrival of raw materials and the shipping of the finished order is called manufacturing cycle time
A pull system increases throughput
Improve Throughput
By pulling material in small lots, inventory cushions are removed, exposing problems and emphasizing continual improvement
Manufacturing cycle time is reduced
Push systems dump orders on the downstream stations regardless of the need
Just-In-Time (JIT)
Powerful strategy for improving operations
Materials arrive where they are needed when they are needed
Identifying problems and driving out waste reduces costs and variability and improves throughput
Requires a meaningful buyer-supplier relationship
JIT and Competitive Advantage
Figure
JIT and Competitive Advantage
Figure
JIT Partnerships
JIT part