文档介绍：分类号 UDC密级公开硕士研究生学位论文唯物史观视野下的孔多塞历史哲学思想研究申请人: 赵伟男学号: 2110012 培养单位:哲学学院学科专业: 马克思主义哲学研究方向: 马克思主义文化哲学指导教师: 郭艳君教授完成日期: 2014 年 9月 26日中文摘要- I- 中文摘要孔多塞是 18世纪法国著名的哲学家、政治家和数学家,是最年轻的启蒙运动的代表人物,也是体现了百科全书派精神的最后一位启蒙思想家。孔多塞是思想家也是革命者,这样的特殊身份也使研究孔多塞的历史哲学思想具有了特别的理论意义与现实价值。在《人类精神进步史表纲要》一书中,孔多塞从历史进步的视角,将人类以往的历史划分成九个历史阶段,孔多塞试图从理论上总结理性对于历史进步所起到的推动作用。关于人类历史不断进步的思想,集中体现在了他所提出的关于人类精神在未来时代的进步,即他关于历史分期的第十个时期,人类社会将在进步中趋近各民族间的平等,人们的体质、智力和道德等水平将趋向完善。孔多塞试图将自然科学的研究方法应用于社会科学领域,用“可能性”连接自然科学与社会科学,根据初始条件计算事件发生可能性的大小进而得出科学的结论,这种社会数学能为制定民主科学的社会政策提供科学依据,使人类向无限完善的目标迈进。孔多塞的历史哲学代表了他对历史在未来时代发展进步的美好期望,这对后来历史哲学的发展和研究产生了深远影响。但是受多种因素的限制,孔多塞的历史哲学也具有一定的局限性,这也促使着我们对孔多塞的历史哲学思想进行研究与思考,从中发现和抽绎出孔多塞历史哲学思想的启示意义。关键词: 孔多塞;历史哲学;人类精神;理性;进步黑龙江大学硕士学位论文- II- Abstract Condorcet isa famous 18th-century French philosopher, politician and mathematician, is the youngest is the representative figure of the enlightenment, and also embodies the spirit of the encyclopedia sent the last of the enlightenment thinkers. Condorcet is thinkers and revolutionaries, such special identity also allowed the condorcet's historical philosophy has a special theoretical significance and practical value. In the book outline of the development of the human spirit table, condorcet from the Angle of historical progress and the human history is divided into nine stages, condorcet tried to theoretically summarizes the rational for historical progress play a role. Ideas about the progress of human history, embodied in his proposed about the progress of the human spirit in the future time, namely he about historical stage of the tenth time, human society will be in progress towards equality, between the RACES of the people's physical, mental and moral level tobe perfect. Condorcet attempts to study of natural science methods applied in social science, connect possibility of natural science and social science, according to the size of the initial condition calculation were, in turn, the scientific conclusions, this kind of social math can provide scientific evid