文档介绍：剑1
Test 1
Reading Passage 1
A spark, a flint: How fire leapt to life
random (adj./n.) 随便(的),随机(的)
.: Fire was a divine gift randomly delivered in the form of lighting.
at random
secondary (adj.) 中等教育的,第二期的,继发的,次要的
.: It was a secondary invention made during tool-making operations.
a secondary school
→elementary (adj.) 基础的,简单的
.: elementary education/schools
→tertiary (adj.) 第三的,第三级的
.: tertiary education
accidentally = by chance 偶然的
.: It was accidentally made during tool-making operations.
seal (v.) 封住
sealed= airtight
.: a sealed glass tube
hazardous (adj.) 危险的,危害的
ego: a hazardous device
→ hazard (n./v.)
.: a health hazard 对健康的危害
an environmental hazard
resemble (v.) 像= look like
.: The first matches resembling those used today were made in 1827.
military (adj.) 军事的
.: a military rocket maker
→army
→battlefield/ battleground
copy (v./n.) 复制
.: Three years later it was copied by a Samuel Jones, who marketed his product as Lucifers.
→ duplicate
.: duplicate the letters
→ replicate
.: The findings have been replicated many times.
→ reproduce
.: The painting reproduces every detail of the scene. 复制
Some tropical fish reproduce by laying eggs. 繁殖,生殖
→ imitate
.: imitate local people’s behaviors.
deadly (adj.) 致命的
.: a deadly poison/ disease
→ lethal
→fatal
expose (v.) 暴露,揭露
.: Match-makers exposed to the fume got a disease that eats away jaw-bones.
→exposure(n.)
.: With prolonged exposure, people may develop cancers.
11. toxic = poisonous (adj.) 有毒的
.: The red phosphorus is non-toxic.
→ toxin (n.) = poison
12. waterproof (adj.) 防水的
.: waterproof matches
→fireproof 防火的
→bulletproof 防弹的
→ water-resistant防水的 earthquake-resistant houses 防震房子
wear-resistant shoes耐穿的鞋
13. identical =exactly alike
It is identical to a previous type of match.
→identify 识别,认出→recognize→distinguish
→identity 身份,特性,特色
14. adapt 1) adapt to…适应…
2) adapt s