文档介绍：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
形式不同 限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开;而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。如: Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗? The girl, who came to see me yesterday, is my sister. 昨天来看我的女孩是我的姐姐。
2. 功能不同 限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。如: The woman who is wearing a red dress is Mrs Green. 穿着红衣服的那个女人是格林夫人。(若把从句去掉句子意义不明确) Mrs Green, who is in shanghai now, ing home next week. 格林夫人现在在上海,下星期回来。(若把从句去掉句子意义仍然完整)
3. 含义不同
I have a sister who is a doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
I have a sister, who is a doctor.
我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
4. 关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句中;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略,而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。
如:
Last Sunday they reached Nanjing, where a conference was to be held.
他们上周日到达南京,有个会议要在那里举行。
He drives a new car, which was bought last year.
他开一辆新车,这车是去年买的。
He told us the reason why he wanted to drop his dream.
= He told us the reason, for which he wanted to drop his dream.
他告诉了我们他为什么要放弃梦想的原因。
5. 先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词;非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、短语、甚至是整个句子。如:
A five-year-o