文档介绍:皮肤病与性病学
Dermatology &Venerology
总论 Introduction
*The skin--
is the largest organ of the body.*Alterations in 接触,
输送黑素颗粒
2)朗格汉斯细胞Langerhans cell
来源----骨髓
功能----抗原呈递细胞,参与免疫活动
3)Merkel细胞
是一种感觉细胞,感受触觉或机械刺激
4)未定类细胞 indeterminate cell
与朗格汉斯细胞有关
二、真皮dermis
1,来源:中胚层
2,功能:维持水盐平衡、支持、固定、屏障作用
3,结构:
1)乳头层Papillary
Thin layer
Consist of collagen fibers and ground substance
Well vascularized
Lymph vessels and nerve tissue found in this layer
2)网状层Reticular
Thicker area
Large elastic fibers, ground substance, and viscid gel
Organized collagen bundles
4,成分:
1)纤维:胶原纤维collagen fibers
网状纤维reticular fibers
弹力纤维elastic fibers
2)基质:ground substance/matrix:
无定形均质状物质充填其中
成分--粘多糖、水、电解质、蛋白质等
3)细胞:成纤维细胞、组织细胞、淋巴细胞、
肥大细胞、真皮树突状细胞
Consist primarily of fat and connective tissues
Lend support to the vascular and neural structures in the outer skin
Several skin diseases involve the subcutaneous layer
三、Subcutaneous Tissue皮下组织
四、皮肤附属器Epidermal appendages
Eccrine glands—
produce sweat
Apocrine glands—
scent glands found in
armpits and groins
Pilosebaceous structures—
containing hair
sebaceous glands
Nails--
1,毛发和毛囊:hair & hair follical
毛发种类:
长毛、短毛、毳毛
毛发的结构:
毛干、毛根、毛球、
毛乳头、立毛肌
毛囊:
表皮下陷而成
Hair cycle 毛发生长周期
生长期growth phase (anagen,):
the hair has a pointed tip, lasts several years;
退行期(catagen,):
a short involutional phase
休止期(telogen,):
a resting phase with clubbed or bulbous tip lasts for several months.
2,皮脂腺sebaceous gland:
结构---泡状腺体,由腺泡和短导管组成
分泌方式----全浆分泌—全浆腺
分布–掌跖和指趾曲侧以外的皮肤
功能---分泌皮脂,润滑皮肤,杀菌作用
3,小汗腺eccrine gland:
结构—单曲管状腺,由分泌部和导管部组成
分布– 全身
功能---分泌汗液、调节体温
4,大汗腺apocrine