文档介绍:大国之略(续)
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Pfic method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
国内建设缺乏资金,对外贸易缺乏外汇储备。70年代末,由于技术、设备引进的摊子铺得大了些,以致1978年、1979年、1980年连续出现贸易逆差,分别为11亿、20亿、13亿美元,80年外汇储备成了负数——负12.96亿美元(1978年时为1.67亿美元)。上世纪80年代“国防为经济建设让路”的决策就是在这种背景下做出的,至今仍受到不少诟病。然而必须看到的两点是:首先,这之前的经济政策实质上是一种准战时经济体制,立足于战备,这并非是经济建设的常态,但要将立足点转到经济建设上来,政策修改就是必然的;其次,就当时来说,恐怕全世界也不会有几个人想到,在80年代末至90年代初会发生苏东剧变,中国的外部环境会因此而出现恶化。而那时国防建设的收缩幅度之所以会那么大,最根本原因还在于“缺钱”:1980年中国GDP为3332亿美元,至1990年也仅为3638亿美元,当年外汇储备不过110.93亿美元。实际上直到本世纪最初几年,如何“赚钱”和如何“省钱”都还一直是中国政府考虑经济问题的首要出发点。即便从国家安全角度来说,回顾几千年的历史,一直以来困扰中国的问题都始终是内政大于外交
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then