文档介绍：虚拟语气
主讲: 王松昌
虚拟语气
表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。
eg. If I were you, I should study English.
I wish you could go with me.
May you eed!
1 用于条件从句
用于主语从句
用于宾语从句
用于状语从句
用于定语从句
用于简单句
虚拟语气的用法
wish, suggest,order
It is/was+ 形容词+that…
If…
as if, as though
用于条件从句
动词形式
时间
从句
主句
与现在事实相反
动词过去式(be的过去式一般用were)
would
should + 动词原形
could
might
与过去事实相反
had +过去分词
would
should have+过去分词
could
might
与将来事实
可能相反
动词过去式/should +动词原形
were to+动词原形
would
should +动词原形
could
might
基本用法
If places ____ alike, there would be little need for geographers.
A. being B. are C. be D. were
If we _________ (know) that the books were available, we would have bought them yesterday.
had known
有时可以把含有助动词,情态动词,be或have的虚拟条件句省去,而将had, should, were等词提到主语之前,即倒装。
If I were you , I would go with him.
=Were I you, I would go with him.
If I had known the news, I would have told you about that .
=Had I known the news, I would have told you about that.
倒装用法
Had he worked harder, he ______ the final examinations.
A. must have got through
B. would have got through
C. would get through
D. could get through
_____ tomorrow morning, she would reach Beijing by this Sunday.
A. Would she leave B. if she will leave
C. Had she left D. Were she to leave
主从句的动作发生时间不一致的情况。
有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
eg. If you had listened to the doctor,you would be all right now.
If you had practiced speaking English more, you would be able to speak it fluently.
(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)