文档介绍：Session 26
Translation of Chinese Passive Sentences Into English
汉语被动句的翻译
汉语的被动句译成英语时,并非只能译成被动
句,有时也可以译成主动句。这是因为,英语除了
使用被动语态表达被动的意思以外,还有别的表达
法,如使用某些短语结构来表达被动意义。仔细观
察被动语态英译汉的例句,作逆向思维,便可大致
明白什么样的汉语句子可以译成英语被动句。下面
例证汉语被动句的主要译法。
汉语被动句译成英语被动句
汉语被动句译成英语被动句,这是首先考虑的
翻译方法之一。例如:
(1)海外华侨现在不再被人轻视了。Overseas Chi-
nese are no longer looked down upon.
(2)他被选为学生会主席。He was elected Chair-
man of the Students' Union.
(3)窗上的玻璃叫那个孩子打破了,他一定要
挨骂的。 The window pane was broken by
the child; he will certainly be scolded.
(4)我整夜被蚊子搞得不快。I was annoyed by
mosquitoes all night.
(5)她深受大家的尊敬。She is greatly respec-
ted by everyone.
(6)他遭到了邻居们的嘲笑。He was laughed
at by his neighbours.
(7)办公大楼为松树所环绕。The office building
is surrounded by pine trees.
(8)这个问题必须在适当的时候以适当的方式予
以处理。The problem must be dealt with by
appropriate means at an appropriate time.
(9)该计划将由一个特别委员会加以审查。The
plan will be examined by a mittee.
(10)这个方案在教代会上被通过了。This scheme
was approved at the Teachers’Congress.
(11)他的研究项目去年完成了。His research pro-
ject was plished last year.
(12)有个领导在会上受到了批评。A leader was
criticized at the meeting.
(13)她被誉为全国劳动模范。She has been selec-
ted as a national model worker.
(14)他的研究成果获得了高度评价。His research
findings have been highly evaluated.
(15)他被任命为我校科研处处长。
He has been appointed as head /dean of
the Research Department of our university.
(16)艾滋病的蔓延问题可以通过教育加以控制。
The spread of AIDS can be controlled
through education.
(17)正在采取各种措施减少我国的失业率。
Various measures are being adopted in
order to reduce the unemployment rate
of our country.
(18)那男孩的成绩没有让他父母看到。The boy’s
school records were not seen by his parents.
(19)那个国家有许多人被恐怖分子的炸弹炸死了。
Many people in that country were killed by
the bombs buried and set off by the terrorists.
(20)他的所作所为受到人们的怀疑。He was
suspected of what he did.
以上20句汉语被动句都翻译成了相应的英语被
动句,所有译句在形式与内容方面均与原句保持一
致。显然,汉语被动句翻译为英语被动句是基本的
处理方法。
汉语被动句译成形式上的英语主动句
英语表示被动意义时,一般使用被动语态的
句子,但并不一定非用被动语态句式不可。英语
有些词语本身带有被动的含义,包含这样的词语
的句子虽然是主动句,但实际上是表达被动意义
的句子,可称为形式上的主动句,或逻辑意义