文档介绍：英语被动语态总结
 
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:
1)      am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2)      has /have been done 现在完成时
All the preparations for the task have pleted, and we're ready to start.
3)      am/is /are being done 现在进行时
A new cinema is being built here.
4)      was/were done 一般过去时
I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5)      had been done 过去完成时
By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had pleted in Beijing.
6)      was/were being done 过去进行时
A meeting was being held when I was there.
7)      shall/will be done 一般将来时
Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8)      should/would be done 过去将来时
The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9)      shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)
The project will have pleted before July.
10)   should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)
He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)      带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)      有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3)      当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)      在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5)      有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、如何使用被动语态
学****被动语态时,不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构,还要知道在哪些情