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摘要
本设计是基于定时器,连接构成多谐振荡器以及单稳态触发器而测量电容的。单稳态触发器中所涉及的电容,即是被测量的电容。其脉冲输入信号是定时器构成的多谐振荡器所产生。信号的频率可以根据所选的电阻,电容的参数而调节。这样便可以定量的确定被测电容的容值范围。因为单稳态触发器的输出脉宽是根据电容值的不同而不同的,所以脉宽即是对应的电容值,其精确度可以达到.%。然后在电路中加入一个由LM以及一个电容和一个电阻构成的阻容平滑滤波器,将单稳态触发器输出的信号滤波,使最终输出电压与被测量的电容值呈线性关系。最后是输出电压的数字化,将输入到译码器中翻译成BCD码,输入到LED数码管中显示出来。
关键词::电容,定时器,滤波器,线性,译码器,LED数码管
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目录
引言
第章毕业设计指标
第章毕业设计原理
.设计原理框图
.方案设计
.模块介绍
..控制器电路
..时钟脉冲发生器
..计数和显示电路
第章单元电路的设计
.直流稳压电源设计
..整流电路采用直流稳压电源设计思路
..直流稳压电源的原理框图分析
..直流稳压电源特点
.产生波形设计方案
..由定时器搭建多谐振荡器
..由定时器搭建单稳态触发器
第章设计的步骤和过程
.设计制作的过程
.时钟及控制信号的关系等
第章设计的仿真与运行结果
.电路的调试
.仿真测量
..仿真测量实验一
..仿真测量实验二
.结果分析
第章芯片介绍
.芯片功能介绍
.LS芯片介绍
第章结论
.设计过程中遇到的困难及解决办法
.毕业设计心得体会
第章参考文献
附录
附录A
附录B
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引言
随着电子技术的发展,当前数字系统的设计正朝着速度快、容量大、体积重量轻的方向发展。在其推动下,现代电子产品几乎渗透了社会的各个领域,有力地推动了社会生产力的发展和社会信息化程度的提高,同时也使现代电子产品性能进一步提高,产品更新换代的节奏也越来越快。
在日常的电路工程或者是电路试验中,电容是一个最常见的元器件,实际应用中,对电容的电容值的准确度要求也是很高的。在实际操作中,对电容的测量存在许多麻烦,数值的表现也不够直观。为此,我们查阅资料,根据所学的知识,设计了一个数字电容测试仪,只要接入被测电容,打开开关以后,就能直接在屏幕上显示出电容的大小,方便在以后的实验中对电容的使用。
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毕业设计指标
设计要求:
、基本部分
()自制稳压电源。
()
()设计两个的测量量程。
()用为数码管显示测量结果,测量误差小于%。
、发挥部分
()至少设计两个以上的测量量程,使被测电容的容量扩大到PF至μF范围内。
()测量误差小于%。
()其它。
毕业设计原理
设计原理框图
方案设计
利用单稳态触发器或电容器充放电规律等,可以把被测电容的大小转换成脉冲的宽窄,,便可得到计数脉冲,把计数脉冲送给计数器计数,,数字显示器显示的数字N便是Cx的大小。之所以选择该方案是考虑到这个方案不仅设计比较容易实现,而且必要时还可以扩展量程,更重要的是该方案设计出来的数字测试仪测量的结果比较精确。
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模块介绍
..控制器电路
:
当被测电容Cx接到电路中之后,只要按一下开关S,电源电压Vcc经微分电路、和反向器,送给定时器的低电平触发端一个负脉冲信号使单稳态触发器由稳态变为暂稳态,,=.,其输出端变为低电平,从而封锁与门,停止计数。可见,,则计数时钟脉冲的个数将与Cx的容量值成正比,可以达到测量电容的要求
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。
由于设计要求,Cx的变化范围为—,且测量的时间小于s,即Tx<s,也就是C