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Directions:
(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“relatedMasfourthcousins,sharingabout1%(1)_astudy, publishedfrom
theUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has_(2)_.
Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted_(3)_1,932uniquesubjectswhich_(4)(5)_.
Whilel%mayseem_(6)_,it ,
professorofmedicalgenetics atUCSanDiego,says,“Mostpeopledonot
even_(7)_theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho_(8)_ourkin.
Thestudy_(9),fornow,_(10)_,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore_(ll)(12)_usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends_(13)_"functionalKinshipnofbeingfriendswith_(14)_!
Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesseemtobeevolution_(15)_thanothergenesStudyingthiscouldhelp_(16)_whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor_(17)_factor.
Thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople,s_(18)_tobefriendthoseofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds,,carewastakento_(20)_thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretakenfromthesamepopulation.
[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what
[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised
[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by
|A|compared|B|sought[C]separated|D|connected
[A]tests[B]s[CJsamples[D]examples
[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible
[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know
[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass
[A]againfB]also[Clinstead[DIthus
[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perh叩s
[A]about[B]to[C]from[DJlike
[A]drive[B]observe[CJconfuse[DJlimit
[A]accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith
[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits
[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier
[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express
[A]unpredictable[B[contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive
[A]endeavor[BJdecision[CJarrangement[D]tendency
[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic
[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tell
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
,B,.(40points)
Text1
KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted**kingsdon'tabdicate,dareintheytheirsleep."Butembarrassingscandalsandthepopularity oftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?
TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.
Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,
monarchscanriseabove"mere"politicsand“embodyMaspiritofnationalunity.
Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs',theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanoncontroversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.
Evenso,,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday—,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmodemdemocraticstates.
-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses(orhelicopters).Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.
WhileEurope*smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.
ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy*sreputationwithherratherordinary(ifwell-heeled), -as
non-controversialandnon-,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy*sworstenemies.
AccordingtothefirsttwoParagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain
usedturnenjoyhighpublicsupport
wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals
casedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals
|D]endedhisreigninembarrassment
MonarchsarekeptasheadsofstateinEuropemostly
owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus
toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality
togivevotermorepublicfigurestolookupto
[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment
Whichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?
Aristocratsexcessiverelianceoninheritedwealth
Theroleofthenobilityinmodemdemocracies
Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies
[DJThenobility'sadherencetotheirprivileges
TheBritishroyals“havemosttofear"becauseCharles[A]takesa
roughlineonpoliticalissues
|B]failstochangehislifestyleasadvised
takesrepublicansashispotentialallies
failstoadapthimselftohisfuturerole
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?
[AJCarlos,GloryandDisgraceCombined
[B]Charles,AnxioustoSucceedtotheThrone
[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs
[DiCharles,SlowtoReacttotheComing
ThreatsTEXT2
JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCpurtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.
Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.
ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia 's
,evenobvious,sothatthejusticecanandshouldprovideupdatedguidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.
TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia 'slameargumentthat
exploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformationissimilartosay,goingthroughasuspect**tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorporcketbook,,ssmartphoneismorelikeenter
smartphonemaycontainanarrestee*sreadinghistory ,financial history,
**cloudcomputing."meanwhile,hasmadethat exploration
somuchtheeasier.
ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia*,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution*,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.
TheSupremecourt,willworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto
searchforsuspects'mobilephoneswithoutawarrant.
checksuspects'phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized.
preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents.
prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones.
Theauthor*sattitudetowardCalifornia *sargumentisoneof
tolerance.
[BJindifference.
disapproval.
cautiousness.
Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone'sphonecontentiscomparableto
gettingintoone*sresidence.
handingone*shistoricalrecords.
scanningone'scorrespondences.
goingthroughone'swallet.
InParagraph5and6,theauthorshowshisconcernthat
principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed.
thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction.
phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation.
citizens'privacyisnoteffectiveprotected.
'scomparisonis quotedtoindicatethat
(A)theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly.
(B)NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution.
(C)California*sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution.
(D)PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered.
Text3
ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-reviewprocess,editor-in-,afterwidespreadconcernthatbasicmistakesindataanalysisarecontributingtotheirreproducibilityofmanypublishedresearchfindings.
uReadersmusthaveconfidenceintheconclusionspublishedinourjournal,“,thejournalhasappointedsevenexpertstoastatisticsboardofreviewingeditors(SBoRE).Manuwillbeflaggedupforadditionalscrutinybythejournal 'sinternaleditors,orbyits
.
Askedwhetheranyparticularpapershadimpelledthechange,McNuttsaid:aThecreationofthestatisticsboard'wasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddataanalysisinscientificresearchandispartofScience 'soveralldrivetoincrease
reproducibilityintheresearchwepublish.
GiovanniParmigiani,abiostatisticianattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,amemberoftheSBoREgroup,saysheexpectstheboardto““foundtheforesightbehindtheestablishmentoftheSBoREtobenovel,,buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience.”
31、ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphIthat
[A]Scienceintendstosimplifyitspeer-reviewprocess.
|B[journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.
[C]fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.
[DJlackofdataanalysisiscommoninresearchprojects.
32、Thephrase“flaggedup”()istheclosestinmeaningto
[AJfound.
[B]revised.
[C]marked
[D]stored
33、GiovanniParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay
[A]poseathreattoallitspeers
[B]meetwithstrongopposition
[C]increaseScience'scirculation.
[DJsetanexampleforotherjournals
34、DavidVauxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow
addstoresearchers'worklosd.
diminishestheroleofreviewers.
hasroomforfurtherimprovement.
istofailintheforeseeablefuture.
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?
ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers
ProfessionalStatisticiansDeserveMoreRespect
DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditorsD. 'Desks
StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScience
Text4
Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch'sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeoftheuunsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofour
institutions“Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofa
collectiveacceptancethattheonly usortingmechanism“insociety
“it*sus,humanbeings,wethe
peoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit M.
Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:"Ittsincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousfoalsforcapitalismandfreedom."ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shieldthought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.
Asthehackingtrialconcludes -findingguiltyones-editorofthe
NewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-,,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointper