研究生入学考试英语.docx

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研究生入学考试英语
2022年研究生入学考试英语
2022年研究生入学考试英语(一)真题及参考答案
Section1UseofEnglish
Directions:
(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,’trememberthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,“seniormoments.”
Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’,,scientistsbelievethatintelligencecanexpandand
“braintrainingprogram”designedtoactuallyhelppeopleimproveandregaintheir
,.[A]where2.[A]improves3.[A]If4.[A]uneven5.[A]wellbeing6.[A]turns7.[A]roundabouts8.[A]genre
[B]when[B]fades[B]Unless[B]limited[B]environment[B]finds[B]responses[B]functions
[C]that[C]recovers[C]Once[C]damaging[C]relationship[C]points[C]workouts[C]circumstances[D]why[D]collapses[D]While[D]obscure[D]outlook[D]figures
[D]associations[D]criterion
9.[A]channel10.[A]persist11.[A]Therefore12.[A]accordingto13.[A]back14.[A]sharpness15.[A]forces16.[A]hold17.[A]to18.[A]irregularly19.[A]carry20.[A]risky
[B]condition[B]believe[B]Moreover[B]regardlessof[B]further[B]stability[B]reminds[B]track[B]with[B]habitually[B]put[B]effective
[C]sequence[C]excel
[C]Otherwise[C]apartfrom[C]aside[C]framework[C]hurries[C]order[C]for[C]constantly[C]build[C]idle
[D]process[D]feature
[D]However[D]insteadof[D]around[D]flexibility[D]allows[D]pace[D]on
[D]unusually[D]take[D]familiar
Section2ReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
,B,.(40points)Text1
Inordertochangelivesforthebetterandreducedependency,GeorgeOsbome,ChancelloroftheExchequer,,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit-?
-,,?Really?Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewithreformstoanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,,weweretounderstand,washiszealforfundamentalfairness-protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.
Losingajobishurting:youdontskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,,;youarenow
,:ajob.
ButinOsbomeland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency-permanentdependencyifyoucangetit--,theclaimantreceivesatime-limitedallowance,conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;noentitlementandnoinsurance,at$,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.
’sschemewasintendedto
[A]providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits.
[B]encouragejobseekersactiveengagementinjobseeking.
[C]motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily.
[D]guaranteejobseekerslegitimaterighttobenefits.
“tosignon“mostprobablymeans
[A]tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcentre.
[B]toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionontheallowance.
[C]toregisterforanallowanceformthegovernment.
[D]toattendagovernmentjob-trainingprogram.
?
[A]Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall
[B]Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.
[C]Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.
[D]Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.
,beingunemployedmakesonefeel
[A]uneasy
[B]enraged
[C]insulted
[D]guilty
?
[A]TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekerslaziness.
[B]Osborne’sreformswillreducetheriskofunemployment.
[C]Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.
[D]Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.
Text2
Allaroundtheworld,lawyersgeneratemorehostilitythanthemembersofanyotherprofession-.
-fullofmoney,--lawsuitfilerthatmakesthetortsystemacostlynightmare.
-yearundergraduatedegreeinsomeunrelatedsubject,thenathree--schoolgraduatewith$1010,-schooldebtmeansthattheyhavetoworkfearsomelyhard.
,butthestate--belawyer,.
Theotherreasonwhycostsaresohighistherestrictiveguild-,non-,butopponentsofchangeamongtheregulatorsinsistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically.
Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagerstofocusonimprovingfirmsefficiency.
Afterall,othercountries,suchasAustraliaandBritain,.

[A]thegrowingdemandfromclients.
[B]theincreasingpressureofinflation.
[C]theprospectofworkinginbigfirms.
[D]theattractionoffinancialrewards.
?
[A]Highertuitionfeesforundergraduatestudies.
[B]Admissionsapprovalfromthebarassociation.
[C]Pursuingabachelor’sdegreeinanothermajor.
[D]Receivingtrainingbyprofessionalassociations.

[A]lawyers’andclients’strongresistance.
[B]therigidbodiesgoverningtheprofession.
[C]thesternexamforwould-belawyers.
[D]non-professionals’sharpcriticism.
-likeownershipstructureisconsidered“restrictive”partlybecauseit
[A]bansoutsiders’involvementintheprofession.
[B]keepslawyersfromholdinglaw-firmshares.
[C]aggravatestheethicalsituationinthetrade.
[D]preventslawyersfromgainingdueprofits.
,theauthormainlydiscusses
[A]flawedownershipofAmerica’slawfirmsandcauses.
[B]thefactorsthathelpmakeasuccessfullawyerinAmerican.
[C]aprobleminAmerica’slegalprofessionandsolutionstoit.
[D]theroleofundergraduatestudiesinAmerica’slegaleducation.
Text3
TheUSS3-millonFundamentalPhysicsPrizeisindeedaninterestingexperimentasAlexanderPolyakovsaidwhenheacceptedthisyear’,liketheFundamentalPhysicsPrizearefundedfromthetelephone-number-,theysay,andtheywanttousetheirwealthtodrawattentiontothosewhohavesucceededinscience.
What’snottolike?Quitealot,,astheoldsayinggoes,-promotionforthosebehindthem,
thestatusquoofpeer--.
Thegoalsoftheprize-,otherstodrawpeopleintoscience,ortobetterrewardthosewhohavemadetheircareersinresearch.
AsNaturehaspointedbefore,,launchedthisyear,’slimitoflimitofthreerecipientsperprize,eachofwhommuststillbeliving,,ofcourse,,ratherthanintention,hasgiventhemlegitimacy.
Asmuchassomescientistsmaycomplainaboutthenewawards,,,,afterallbutitistheprize-givers’.