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(Immunoregulation)
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Theabilityoftheimmunesystemtosenseandregulateitsownresponses:
;
;
.
Immunoregulation
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Immunoregulation
ImmuneResponseandRegulation:IncludingPositive&.
Immunoregulationandintervention:Upontheunderstandingofimmunoregulationmechanisms,wecandeliberatelyenhanceortakeawayoneofthecontroltoenhanceorblockanimmuneresponse(TumororTransplantationrejection).
ImmunoregulationandDisease:Sinceimmuneregulationisachievedatmanydifferentlevelsbydifferentmechanisms,anydefectinthissystemwillcauseanimmunedisorder.
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Immuneregulationhappensatdifferentstagesofanimmuneresponse
DuringInnateImmuneResponse
TLRmediatedinflammatoryresponse
Cytokinesignaling
Duringadaptiveimmuneresponse
ByInhibitoryreceptors
ByTregs
OtherImmuneregulationmechanisms
Regulationbyantibody
bytheidiotypeandanti-idiotypenetwork
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ImmuneResponse
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Toll-likereceptorsandrecognitionofpathogens
&,:143-53,2003
diacyl-triacyl-lipopeptide酰基脂肽;flagellin:鞭毛蛋白;LPS:脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides)
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Toll-likereceptorsignalingpathways
MyD88pathwayand
TRIFpathway;
Transcriptionfactors
Cytokineexpression
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Innateresponseiscriticalforaneffectiveimmuneresponse.
Excessiveresponseleadtoendotoxicshock(sepsis):Sepsis(败血症)isaseriousmedicalconditionthatischaracterizedbyawhole-bodyinflammatorystate(calledasystemicinflammatoryresponsesyndromeorSIRS),urine,lungs,skin,.
TheKeyeventforinnateimmuneresponse:RecognitionofmicrobepatternsbypatternrecognitionreceptorsincludingTLR.
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RegulationofTLR4signaling
Inflammatory
cytokines
InnateTLRsignaling:
IRAK-M:interleukin-1-receptorassociatedkinaseM
SOCS1:suppressorofcytokinesignaling1.
MyD88s:myeloiddifferentiationprimary-responseprotein88short
SIGIRR:singleimmunoglobulinIL-1R-relatedmolecule
NegativeFeedback!
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TLR4signalingisregulatedbymembranetrafficking:
Rab7bpromoteendocytosisanddegradationCaoX2007
Rab10
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