文档介绍：Alexander Fraser Tytler ——1747-1813
Lolly Leung
亚历山大▪弗雷泽▪泰特勒
国籍:英国(苏格兰爱丁堡)
生平:爱丁堡大学历史教授→律师→爱丁堡学派成员
著作:Essay on the Principles of Translation 《论翻译的原则》(1790)
《论翻译的原则》
“翻译三原则”(全面&系统)
标志着西方翻译史上一个时期的结束和一个时期的开始
1921年郑振铎发表在《小说月报》第十二卷第三号上《译文学书的三个问题》一文中,最先将该观点引入中国。
CHAPTER Ⅰ
Description of a good Translation
I would therefore describe a good translation to be, That, in which the merit of the original work is pletely transfused into another language, as to be as distinctly apprehended, and as strongly felt, by a native of the country to which that language belongs, as it is by those who speak the language of the original work.
CHAPTER Ⅰ
Laws of Translation(翻译三原则):
It will follow,
Ⅰ. That the Translation should give plete transcript of the ideas of the original work.(信)
Ⅱ. That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.(雅)
Ⅲ. That the Translation should have all the ease of position.(达)
CHAPTER Ⅱ
First General Rule: A Translation should give plete transcript of the ideas of the original work—Knowledge of the language of the original, and acquaintance with the subject.
无障碍卫生间
无障碍卫生间为不分性别独立卫生间,配备专门的无障碍设施,包含:方便乘坐轮椅人士开启的门、专用的洁具、与洁具配套的安全扶手等,给残障者、老人或病人如厕提供便利。
CHAPTER Ⅱ
…the translator is called upon to exercise his judgement, and to select that meaning which is most consonant to the train of thought in the whole passage, or to the author’s usual mode of thinking, and expressing himself.
我记忆中最早的一件事,是提着家里唯一的热水瓶去公共食堂打开水。
——莫言(诺贝尔奖讲座)
My earliest memory was of taking our only vacuum bottle to the public canteen for drinking water.
——葛浩文(译)
CHAPTER Ⅴ
Second general Rule: The style and manner of writing in a Translation should be of the same character with that of the Original.
…whether to that of the grave, the elevated, the easy, the lively, the florid and ornamented, or the simple and unaffected; and these characteristic qualities he must have the capacity of rendering equally conspicuous in the translation as in the