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FoundationsofGroupBehavior
Afterstudyingthischapter, youshouldbeableto:
Differentiatebetweenformalandinformalgroups.
Comparetwomodelsofgroupdevelopment.
Explainhowrolerequirementschangeindifferentsituations.
Describehownormsexertinfluenceonanindividual’sbehavior.
Explainwhatdeterminesstatus
Definesocialloafinganditseffectongroupperformance.
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES
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Afterstudyingthischapter, youshouldbeableto:
Identifythebenefitsanddisadvantagesofcohesivegroups.
Listthestrengthsandweaknessesofgroupdecisionmaking.
Contrasttheeffectivenessofinteracting,brainstorming,nominalandelectronicmeetinggroups.
Groupthink,Groupshift.
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES(cont’d)
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DefiningandClassifyingGroups
Group(s)
Twoormoreindividualsinteractingandinterdependent,whohavecometogethertoachieveparticularobjectives.
FormalGroup
Adesignatedworkgroupdefinedbytheorganization’sstructure.
InformalGroup
Agroupthatisneitherformallystructurednoworganizationallydetermined;appearsinresponsetotheneedforsocialcontact.
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DefiningandClassifyingGroups(cont’d)
CommandGroup
Agroupcomposedoftheindividualswhoreportdirectlytoagivenmanager.
TaskGroup
Thoseworkingtogethertocompleteajobortask.
InterestGroup
Thoseworkingtogethertoattainaspecificobjectivewithwhicheachisconcerned.
FriendshipGroup
Thosebroughttogetherbecausetheyshareoneormorecommoncharacteristics.
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WhyPeopleJoinGroups
Security
Status
Self-esteem
Affiliation
Power
GoalAchievement
EXHIBIT8–1
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TheFive-StageModelofGroupDevelopment
FormingStage Thefirststageingroupdevelopment,characterizedbymuchuncertainty.
StormingStage Thesecondstageingroupdevelopment,characterizedbyintragroupconflict.
NormingStage Thethirdstageingroupdevelopment,characterizedbycloserelationshipsandcohesiveness.
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…GroupDevelopment(cont’d)
PerformingStage
Thefourthstageingroupdevelopment,whenthegroupisfullyfunctional.
AdjourningStage
Thefinalstageingroupdevelopmentfortemporarygroups,characterizedbyconcernwithwrappingupactivitiesratherthanperformance.
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StagesofGroupDevelopment
EXHIBIT8–2
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GroupStructure-Roles(cont’d)
Role(s)
Asetofexpectedbehaviorpatternsattributedtosomeoneoccupyingagivenpositioninasocialunit.
RoleIdentity
Certainattitudesandbehaviorsconsistentwitharole.
RolePerception
Anindividual’sviewofhowheorsheissupposedtoactinagivensituation.
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