文档介绍：of Things, March 27th, 2008 (Zurich)
R. Jedermann and W. Lang
The benefits of embedded intelligence - Tasks and applications for puting in logistics
Institute for Microsensors, -Actors and –Systems
Microsystems Center Bremen
University of Bremen
1
Introduction
Which is the best hardware layer to implement intelligence?
Measurement / State of freight items
RFID / palettes
Wireless sensors
GPS / RTLS Tracking
Embedded / ubiquitous
Logistic planning process
Delivery Planning / Routing
Quality oriented warehouse management for perishables
Measurement system provides only information to server
Which share of the system intelligence can be shifted into work?
2
Outline
Background of embedded intelligence
Autonomous cooperation
Hardware munication as limiting factor
Case studies and examples
The intelligent container
Local route planning
Intelligent RFID + Business case
3
1
Autonomous control means that intelligent objects make decisions on their own. Parcels, vehicles or transport orders are represented by individual software programs or agents.
4
Intelligent objects
Each object is equipped with a certain Degree of decision freedom
Executes decisions of central server
Observes its environment
Change transport route
Swap vehicle by own decision
Changes its destination, according to new orders or changed quality state
None
Maximum freedom
5
Object representation
Agent physically linked to object
Object / parcel has putation unit
Agent represents object
Agents runs remote on server platform to act ‘in behalf’ of the object
6
2
Various system layers can provide a platform for embedded intelligence. The costs for putation power are low in relation to the basic hardware costs
7
Hardware Layers
PC / Server
Truck / Container
work
RFID
8
Limiting factors munication
Passive RFID:
Access only offline during gate passage
Limited range (~3 m)
Active wireless sensor:
Permanent online access and higher range
But volume limited by en