文档介绍：1
节节高教育在线
句型转换与翻译技巧
2012年12月
2
句型转换
“句型转换”题主要有两大类:一是基本句式的转换;二是同义句的转换。
基本句式的转换
一、基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的转换。
、否定句和一般疑问句的转换
(1)含有be动词(am,is,are,was,were)、助动词(do,does,did)和情态动词(can,could,should,will,would,may,might)的句子;
肯定句改为否定句:直接在be动词、助动词、情态动词后面加not
肯定句改为一般疑问句时,一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首(首字母大写)
肯定回答用“Yes”;否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词,“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。
(2)只有行为动词的句子。
牛刀小试
改为否定句:
There are some pay phones on that street.
Tony will travel around the world.
He can cook Chinese food.
改为一般疑问句,并作肯定、否定回答
There is a hotel next to my school.
Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
We are cleaning the room now.
.
3
句型转换
(2)只含有行为动词的句子
必须借助助动词do;does; did
改为否定句时,直接在行为动词后面加don’t(一般现在时态,主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时),
doesn’t(一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数时),
didn’t(一般过去时态)
改为一般疑问句时,在句首加Do,Does或Did。
肯定回答用“Yes”,后面动词用do;does或did”;
否定回答用“No”,后面动词用don't;doesn't;didn't。
4
牛刀小试
改为否定句
Mary often plays sports after dinner.
Alice attends the lecture once a week.
Mike drew a picture on the blackboard.
改为一般疑问句
The children like playing games.
Mary usually goes to school on foot.
Tom went to London yesterday.
5
句型转换
把句子转换为特殊疑问句,首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”,人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用: who;whom;whose;what;when;where;why;how; how many;how much;how often;how old;how long等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首,其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式,就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。
6
练****br/>对划线部分提问
The teachers had a meeting yesterday.
The postage is three Yuan and six Jiao.
They helped the old lady clean her house once a week.
It’s going to be cloudy tomorrow.
The students are planting trees on the hills now.
7
句型转换
改为选择疑问句时,只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。
反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句+简短问句”,我们必须记住:“前面肯定;后面否定”和“前面否定;后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。
Tom likes playing football,doesn't he?
Xiao Hong didn't like singing,did she?
注意:祈使句的反意疑问句,一般都用will you?以Let's开头的一般用shall we?
8
练****br/>完成下列反意疑问句
I’m late, ________ ________?
There’s something wrong, ________ ________?
There is nothing wrong, ________ ________?
Someone wen