文档介绍：高三英语总复****语法系列训练
被动语态详解
(一) 语态分类
英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如:
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例,列表如下:
一般现在时: am / is / are + given
一般过去时: was / were +given
一般将来时: shall / will + given
一般过去将来时: should / would + given
现在进行时: am / is / are + being + given
过去进行时: was / were + being + given
现在完成时: have / has + been + given
过去完成时: had + been + given
将来完成时: shall / will + have been + given
过去将来完成时: should / would + have been + given
 [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)被动语态常用的八种时态
1. 一般现在时:
People grow rice in the south of the country.
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
2. 一般过去时:
They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten.
3. 一般将来时:
They will send cars abroad by sea.
Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
4. 过去将来时:
The manager said they plete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would pleted by the end of the year.
The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
8. 过去完成时:
When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
9. 含有情态动词的被动语态:
含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动