文档介绍：Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
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CPR
BLS
diagnosis
A,B,C
effectiveness
CPR for children and infants
ALS
Advanced Life Support
PLS
scoring system
抢救过程可分为:
基本生命支持(Basic Life Support,BLS)
「A」=Air Way 开放气道;
「B」=Breathing 人工通气;
「C」=Circulation 人工循环.
高级生命支持(Advanced Cardiac Life Support,ACLS)
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BACKGROUND
Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year in Europe
Survival to hospital discharge presently approximately 5-10%
Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival of emergency services
Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation (within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60% survival
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What is Cardiac arrest?
Cardiac arrest is the cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the heart to contract effectively during systole.
if the patient still has a pulse, respiratory arrest (bined term cardiorespiratory arrest) is also used.
lack of blood supply results in cell death from oxygen starvation.
Cerebral hypoxia, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain, causes victims to lose consciousness and stop breathing.
Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that, if left untreated, invariably leads to death within seconds to minutes.
The primary first-aid treatment for cardiac arrest is cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Etiology
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the predominant disease process associated with sudden cardiac death in the United States.
In apparently healthy adults, cardiac arrest is often caused by ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction (heart attack).
In children, cardiac arrest is typically caused by hypoxia from other causes such as near-drowning. With prompt treatment survival rates are high.
Every fatal injury or illness ultimately terminates in cardiac arrest, which is a natural part of the processes of death.
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Diagnosis
The state of cardiac arrest is diagnosed in an unconscious (unresponsive to vigorous stimulation) person who does not have a pulse .
An ECG clarifies the exact diagnosis and gui