文档介绍：物理学院
本科生毕业论文
论文题目: 一道新颖的电流表改装实验研究
英文题目:A novel ammeter modification experiments
学生姓名: 岳艳艳
系、专业: 物理系物理专业
年级、班: 08 级 2 班 23 号
指导教师: 孙绍伍
二O一二年五月二十五日
摘要:电表改装实验是普通物理实验中的一项基本实验,该实验不但能使学生了解磁电式直流安培计和伏特计的结构和测量原理,而且使学生学会电表扩程的改装方法,如何对电表进行校准,因此该实验有着很重要的教学训练意义和实用价值。
本论文主要内容有,测出100微安表头内阻,并举出测量方法及减小误差的方法,将此电流表改装成200微安及500微安的电流表,对电流表进行校准。
用中值法、替代法或电桥法来测量内阻,由于磁电式电表结构上一些缺陷,使得电表在正常条件下测量时仍然存在误差,所以要多次测量取平均值,减小误差。采取在表头上并联一个分流电阻的方法来增大电流表的量程,使超量程部分的电流从分流电阻上流过,而表头仍保持原来允许流过的最大电流,组成的整体就是改装后的电流表。误差是不可能避免的,所以改装后的电流表仍然需要校准。
我采用“理论带动实践,实践辅助理论”的研究方法,探究电流表改装过程中遇到的问题并予以妥善的解决方法。
随着电子技术的飞速发展,由微安表头配以不同的电路和元件后组装而成的电表,琳琅满目的电子产品不断涌现,这极大地改善了人们的工作和生活。所以电表的改装日益显示出强大的作用和功能。
关键词: 内阻电表的改装应用
Abstract:Meter conversion experiment is a basic experiments in general physics experiment, the experiment will not only enable students to understand the ic DC ammeter and voltmeter structure and measurement principle, and students learn meter expansion process modification method, how to meter calibration, the experiment has a very important teaching and training and practical value.
The main content of the paper, measure the internal resistance of 100 microamps header, both measurement methods and methods for reducing errors, and this ammeter converted into the 200 microamps and 500 microamps of current meter, the calibration of the ammeter.
To measure the internal resistance value, surrogate, or bridge method, due to some defect in the structure of ic meter, making the meter measured under normal conditions there are still errors, so multiple measurements averaged to reduce error . A shunt resistor in the table head parallel approach to increase the range of the ammeter, over-range part of the current flowing through the shunt resistor, while the header remains the original allowed to flow through the current.
I used the "theory driven practice, practice aids theory" approach and look at the problems encountered in the ammeter conversion process and be a proper solution.
With the rapid develop