文档介绍：高考阅读理解解题指导
高考《考纲》规定,阅读理解部分要求考生能读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段。考生应能:(1)理解主旨和要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义;(4)作出简单判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。下面主要讲我们在最后阶段应如何快速提高解答阅读理解题的准
确率和速度。
一、先题后文
先看题目, 再读文章——这种方法看似简单,却可以给考生节约很多宝贵的时间。该方法适用于所有体裁的阅读理解文章, 尤其适用于应用文。因为阅读理解测试不仅考查受试者的精读能力, 还考查略读和跳读能力, 而应用文是最适合考查略读和跳读能力的体裁。
例:(2016全国卷ⅡA篇)
What's On?
Electric Underground
... Jules Skye, a essful record producer. He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.
Gee Whizz
... Comedy at Kaleidoscope
... This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest ...
Simon's Workshop
...Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
Charlotte Stone
pm- pm ...
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?
A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.
2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?
A. The Cyclops Theatre. B. Kaleidoscope.
C. Victoria Stage. D. Pizza World.
3. What do we know about Simon's Workshop?
A. It requires membership status.
B. It lasts three hours each time.
C. It is run by edy club.
D. It is held every Wednesday.
4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?
A. pm- pm.
B. pm- am.
C. pm- pm.
D. pm- pm.
【解析】
本文是应用文。文章包括四个与娱乐、艺术相关的广告。答案依次是A、 B、 D、 C。通过浏览题目不难发现, 四道题均为细节理解题。再阅读文章可知, 四道题都是只需要阅读四个部分的小标题及个别信息就可以找到答案。也就是通过先看题目, 再读文章, 利用跳读的方法, 只需阅读50词左右(而不是全文270余词) 就可以正确作答。
二、顺序寻找答案线索,特殊情况除外
通常一篇阅读理解的数个题目的答案线索在文中是按先后顺序出现的,特殊情况除外。例如,主旨大意题、标题归纳题、文章出处题、写作目的题等题目是建立在文章全部内容之上的,通常放在最后或最前面,解答这些题目的明显依据视文章具体情况而定。
因此,答题时要避免做每一道题都盲目地从头到尾找线索,而应在上一道题的答案线索下面找本道题的答案线索。这样在做题过程中可以节约不少时间。
例:(2016全国卷ⅠB篇)
Grandparents Answer a Call
... Today all three generations regard the move as a ess, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
... 83 percent of the people said Mrs.
Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more
families will follow the example o