文档介绍：No 2007 – 04
February
The Impact of Regulations on Agricultural Trade:
Evidence from SPS and TBT Agreements
_____________
Anne-Célia Disdier, Lionel Fontagné & Mondher Mimouni
With CIREM support
Electronic copy available at: /abstract=1194969
The Impact of Regulations on Agricultural Trade:
Evidence from SPS and TBTs Agreements
Anne-Célia Disdier
Lionel Fontagné
Mondher Mimouni
No 2007 – 04
February
Electronic copy available at: /abstract=1194969
CEPII, Working Paper No 2007-04.
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 10
2 RELATED EMPIRICAL LITERATURE 11
3 DATA 14
4 EMPIRICAL APPLICATION 19
Econometric specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5 CONCLUSION 32
3
The Impact of Regulations on Agricultural Trade: Evidence from SPS and TBTs
THE IMPACT OF REGULATIONS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE:
EVIDENCE FROM SPS AND TBT AGREEMENTS
SUMMARY
According to WTO rules, countries are allowed to adopt regulations under the Sanitary and
Phyto-Sanitary (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) agreements in order to protect
human, animal and plant health as well as environment, wildlife and human safety. These
non-tariff barriers (NTBs) may play an important role in the conduct of international negoti-
ations. Developing countries (DCs) protest regularly against the increasing use of NTBs by
developed countries.
In this paper focusing on agricultural trade where such measures play a prominent role, we
investigate two central questions: first, do these measures influence significantly trade flows?
Second, is the impact similar for all exporting countries or are there differences (i) between
OECD countries and developing (DCs) & least developed (LDCs) ones?
Our source data are WTO members’ notifications of SPS and TBTs. These notifications are
collected and analyzed by the UNCTAD. For each notification, the database provides the
not