文档介绍：英语句子成分
句子的组成部分叫句子成分。一个句子一般由两部分组成,即主语(subject)部分和谓语(predicate)部分,他们都是句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语(object),定语(attribute),状语(adverbial),表语(predicative)plement)。
主语(subject)
句子的主体,谓语述说的对象,说明动作是谁发出的。充当主语的形式:1)名词 2)代词 3)名词短语 4)名词从句 5)数词 6)不定式 7)ing形式 8)介词短语(少见)
(1)由名词充当
如:
The painter painted a very nice picture.
(画家花了一幅漂亮的画)
(2)由代词(人称代词用主格)充当
如:
They fouhght against SARS bravely.
(他们勇敢地与非典搏斗)
(3)由动词不定式充当
如:
To see is to believe.
(耳听为虚眼见为实)
(4)由动词ing形式充当
如:
Helping animls is to help people.
(帮助动物就是帮助人类)
(5)由it充当(主语替换)
如:
It is very important to have a Class A seat during the long journey.
(在成途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了)
Eating too much is bad for your health.=It is bad for your health eating too much.
(吃得太多对你的身体不利)
(6)主语必须由代词充当(反义问句的附加问句)
如:
The man looks worried, doesn’t he?
(这个人看上去很着急不是吗)
Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they?
(老虎是危险的动物不是吗)
(7)祈使句一般省略主语(主语省略)
如:
Keep the keyboards clean, children.
(孩子们请保持键盘的清洁)
(8)主谓一致(单复数保持一致)
如:
Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam.
(Jim和Rose都没有通过考试)
The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people.
(中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族)