文档介绍：英语句法(一)
语法系列之--
句法:语法中研究句子的构成
和句子种类的部分.
英语句子的基本成分有? 种:
主语(subject) 谓语(predicate) 表语(predicative) 宾语(object) 补语(complement) 定语(attribute) 状语(adverbial) 同位语(Appositive)
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主语:是句子叙说的主体,说明谓语陈述的是 “谁”、是“什么”. 可以作主语的词类有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、。 注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!
1) The woman is a well-known scientist.
2) He reads newspapers everyday.
3) Two and six is eight.
4) Smoking is harmful to health.
5) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.
6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.
谓语: 说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 . *注意:.
1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.
2) She seemed tired.
3) What have you been doing? (侧重“动作”)
4) What have you done? (侧重“结果”)
5) He was often laughed at for this.
6) I’d rather he didn’e tomorrow.
宾语:是动词的行为或动作的对象.
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.
注意:宾语通常在及物动词和介词的后面.
1) I think it right to help her.
2) How many notebooks do you want?
3) My little sister always likes to ask questions.
4) Would you ing earlier tomorrow?
5) He asked me what I was going to do in summer.
表语:与“连系动词”连用,说明主语的性质.
。
.
,.
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表语通常在系动词后。
1) My uncle is a professor.
2) He looked tired.
3) The basketball match is on.
4) All the pupils are on the playground now.
5) Our aim was to win more medals.
6) His work is teaching French.
7) The question is who can really repair the car.
补语: “宾补”时在宾语后,
做“主补”时在谓语后. 可以做补语的词类与可以做表语的词类相同.
1) The government appointed(任命) her chief delegate(代表) to the conference.
2) I don’t believe the story true.
3) You should put your things in order.
4) The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.
5) We saw the pupils playing basketball.
6) She was elected monitor of Class 1.
定语: 是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、
短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
.
.
从句等.
注意:单个词常置被修饰词前,.
The girl in the classroom needs a pen of yours.
The boy needs a coffee cup.
The best boy here is Tom.
There is nothing to do today.
The s