文档介绍：E TO 埃及
埃及,全称阿拉伯埃及共和国。地跨亚、非两洲,大部分位于非洲东北部,只有苏伊士运河以东的西奈半岛位于亚洲西南角。北濒地中海,东临红海,地当亚、非、欧三洲交通要冲,海岸线长约2700 千米,主要为阿拉伯人,信奉伊斯兰教,官方语言为阿拉伯语,首都开罗。埃及人口和农业主要分布在尼罗河沿岸和河口三角洲地区,是人类文化的发源地之一。号称古埃及文明,有人说埃及文明是尼罗河文明,这是对尼罗河的最高评价。
埃及地跨亚、非两洲,大部分位于非洲东北部。苏伊士运河东的西奈半岛位于亚洲西南角。西连利比亚,南接苏丹,东临红海并与巴勒斯坦接壤,北濒地中海,东南与约旦、沙特阿拉伯相望海岸线长2700多千米。全境96%为沙漠。最高峰为凯瑟琳山,海2642米。尼罗河是埃及的母亲河,纵贯南北,注入地中海,境内长1530千米,两岸形成宽约3~16千米的狭长河谷;,99%的人口聚居在仅为国土面积4%的河谷和三角洲地带。苏伊士运河是连接欧、亚、非三洲的交通要道。主要湖泊有大苦湖、提姆萨赫湖以及阿斯旺高坝形成的非洲最大人工湖——纳赛尔水库(5000平方千米)。
Across Asia, Africa and the two continents, the west Libya, Sudan, the south east, the Red Sea, and with the Palestinians, the Israeli border and north to the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt most of the territory is located in northeastern Africa, only the Suez Canal to the east of the Sinai Peninsula is located in southwestern Asia. Egypt, about 2900 kilometers of coastline, but it is a typical desert country, 95 percent throughout the desert. The world's longest river Nile through Egypt from south to north, known as Egypt's "river of life." The formation of the narrow Nile Valley and into the sea to form the delta, is Egypt's most fertile regions. Although this piece of the region accounted for only 4% of land area, but across the country inhabited by 99% of the population. Brief the Suez Canal Europe, Asia, Africa and three continents transportation hub, communication, the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, connecting the Atlantic and Indian Ocean, has an important strategic and economic significance. Major lakes large Bitter Lake, and Tim sah Lake, as well as the Aswan high dam formed by Africa's largest artificial lake - Lake Nasser (5000 square kilometers).
埃及国徽制定于1972年,其核心是一只昂然挺立、注视西方的金黄色雄鹰,称萨拉丁雄鹰。金鹰昂首挺立、舒展双翼,象征胜利、勇敢和忠诚,它是埃及人民不畏烈日风暴、在高空自由飞翔的化身。它的胸部镶嵌着一枚红、白、黑三色竖纹盾形徽章。雄鹰与盾牌标志着与穆罕默德相关的库里希部落。鹰爪下的黄色饰匾里,不朽的灵魂用阿拉伯文书写着国名:“阿拉伯埃及共和国”。。
埃及的历史
埃及是个具有悠久历史和文化的古国,和古巴比伦,古印度,中国并称“四大文明古国”。
公元前3200年出现奴隶制的统一国家,当时国王称法老。公元前525年为波斯人征服,成为波斯帝国的一个行省。公元前332年左右,希腊马其顿国王亚历山大打败波斯人,建立了希腊—马其顿人的统治。公元前30年罗马执政屋大维