文档介绍：STRABISMUS
DONE BY:
Kamal Sub-Laban
Mahmoud Salman
Mustafa Jaber
Anatomy Review
The eye layers:
1- A tough outer coat (fibrous).
2- A rich vascular coat (the choroid)
3- innermost neural (retnia).
Extra-ocular muscles
Medial and lateral recti horizontal eye movement
Superior and inferior recti vertical eye movement
Superior oblique depression during adduction
Inferior oblique elevation during adduction
Nerves responsible for eye movement are:
3rd , 4th and 6th
Their nuclei are found in the brain stem.
Together they have connections with gaze center. And these connections ensure that both eyes are moving together in a coordinated way.
Eye movements:
1. Ductions: monocular eye movement
-Vertical axis
Adduction: SR, IR, MR
Abduction: IO, SO, LR
-Horizontal axis
Elevators: IO, SR
Deppressors: SO, IR
-Anteroposterior axis
Medial rotators: SR, SO
Lateral rotators: IR, IO
: binocular eye movement in the same direction
Dextro=right , Levo=left
Primary position
Dextro (to the right):
Elevation: RSR+ LIO
Depression: RIR+ LSO
Version: RLR+ LML
Levo (to the left):
Elevation: RIO+ LSR
Depression: RSO+LIR
Version: RMR+LLR
3. Vergences: binocular eye movement in opposite direction
Convergence – inward
Divergence- outward
Definition
Amblyopia refers to diminished vision in either one or both eyes. Amblyopia is the medical term used when the vision in one of the eyes is reduced because the eye and the brain are not working together. The eye itself looks normal, but it is not being used normally because the brain favors the other eye.