文档介绍：The subjunctive mood
杨方智
一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中
虚拟条件句
主句
与现在事实相反的假设
与过去相反的假设
与将来相反的假设
If+主语+动词的过去式
(动词be用were)
If+主语+had +过去分词
主语+should,
would,might,
could+动词原形
主语+should,
would,might, could
+have +过去分词
1、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形
2、If+主语+should +动词原形
3. If+主语+动词的过去式
主语+should, would,
might, could+动词原形
eg:If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America.
如果我是你,我就会努力学****br/>如果我知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了.
如果明天下雨的话,我们会取消比赛.
If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.
If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him.
If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.
More practice:
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点:
1. 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为:”错综时间条件句“,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
如果你听我的建议,你现在就会痊愈了.
如果你努力学****的话,你现在就会是大学生了.
在条件句中,可省略 if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.
If I were at school again, I would study harder.
If you e earlier, you would have met him.
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
注意:若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定式, Were it not for expense, I would go abroad now. 不可以说 Weren’t it for the expense,…
Were I at school again, I would study harder.
Had e earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
3、, without, but for 等。如:
What would you do with a million dollars?
We could not have finished the work ahead of time without your help.
But for the rain
we would have finished the work.
(=If you had a million dollars)?
(=if we hadn’t got your help).
(=If it hadn’t been for the rain),
4、含蓄条件句。
有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不是总是出现if引导的条件句,而是通过其他手段来代替条件句。
Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly.(独立主格)
I was ill that day. Otherwise , I would have taken
part in the sports meet.(副词)
He telephoned to inform me of yo