文档介绍：摘要
随着全球能源危机的到来,人们越来越多的关注环境问题,而作为环境污染源之一的汽车行业,大力发展创新环保汽车是大势所趋。发展电动汽车已成为当今汽车领域研究与开发的热点,而以轮毂电机驱动的电动汽车摆脱了传统燃油发动机汽车结构布局上的局限性,具有高能效比、简化的车身结构、驱动方式多样等优点成为电动汽车研究的重点。电动汽车技术中,现代电动汽车控制技术是提高电动汽车实用性的一个关键技术,本文在当前研究热点下,以轮毂电机驱动型电动汽车控制技术为研究对象,开展了制动能量回收策略、整车控制策略和控制系统软硬件开发等研究工作。
首先本文论述了当前电动汽车技术的国内外发展现状,对目前制动能量回收策略及轮毂电机驱动型电动汽车驱动系统关键部件-电机及其控制技术进行了研究。以无刷直流电机作为研究对象,对电机的制动能量回收策略进行了研究,分析了电机控制原理和控制方法。在此基础上,提出了制动能量回收策略及基于转向角控制的电子差速控制策略,给出了四轮轮毂电机驱动型电动汽车电子差速系统及制动能量回收控制方案。
其次,在系统硬件设计上,根据提出的四轮驱动电动汽车控制系统总体方案, 设计加工了基于 DSP 芯片的的整车控制器和基于逻辑处理芯片 IR2110 轮毂电机驱动控制器。
再次,针对建立的轮毂电机驱动型电动汽车电子差速系统控制方案及制动能量回收策略和控制算法,编制了整车控制器驱动程序,实现了整车控制器的 AD 采样、差速运算、制动力分配、驱动轮速度分配、轮毂电机速度/电流双闭环 PID 调节、PWM 脉冲带宽调速和霍尔信号电子换相等功能。
最后使用项目组自行设计的骨架样车,进行了试验,试验结果表明所研发的控制器能够实现骨架样车的正常使用功能,同时也验证了本文所提出的控制策略的可行性。
关键词:轮毂电机驱动,无刷直流电机,电动汽车,制动能量回收,电子差速控制系统
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ABSTRACT
With the growing shortage of oil resources With the advent of the global energy crisis, people pay more and more attention to environmental problems. As a source of environmental pollution in the automotive industry, vigorously developing innovative environmental protection is the trend of the times. Development of electric vehicles has e a hotspot in research and development of the car. The electric vehicle driven by the wheel motor is free of the limitations of traditional fuel vehicle structure layout and have advantages of high can paring, simplified body structure, and the variety and so on, which e a focus in the study of electric cars. In Electric vehicle technology, modern electric vehicle control technology is a key technology to improve practical electric cars. in this paper, under the current hot, with hub motor driven electric vehicle control technology as the research object, the brake energy recovery strategy, the vehicle control strategy were carried out and control system software and hardware research work were developed.
First of all, this article discusses the current electric vehicle technology development present situation at home and abroad, the current brake