文档介绍：上海交通大学
硕士学位论文
上海私车牌照额度拍卖的合理性与合法性
姓名:叶晔
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:宪法学与行政法学
指导教师:叶必丰
20061201
上海私车牌照额度拍卖的合理性与合法性

摘要

《道路交通安全法》和《行政许可法》的生效,引发了上海私车
牌照额度拍卖制度合理性和合法性的争议。笔者通过对有关上海车牌
额度拍卖争议的整理,归纳出争议中所提出的三个问题,并针对这些
问题进行了详细的分析和论证。
建立车牌限额制度能够缓解上海城市交通拥堵状况。车牌限额制
度的法律性质是道路资源许可。在上海不存在可替代道路资源许可的
其他减少交通派生需求措施的情况下,在上海建立道路资源许可具有
必要性。因此,上海车牌限额制度具有合理性。
设立道路资源许可限制公民的驾车通行自由和财产权,不属于全
国人大及其常委会的专属立法事项,上海人大有权单独设立道路资源
许可。因此,上海单独设立道路资源许可不违法。但上海人大把道路
资源许可和车牌许可相联结违反了上位法的规定,上海人大应尽早把
道路资源许可和车牌许可相分离。
在当前不存在可替代拍卖制度的其他方法的情况下,以拍卖方式
发放车牌额度能较有效、公平地配置道路资源,是一个最优方案。但
该方案在制度化过程中违反了《行政许可法》有关行政许可收费设定
权的规定。如何解决这种合理而不合法的现象,值得我们进一步研究。

关键词
车牌限额,额度拍卖,道路资源许可,行政许可的设定,实施程序
THE REASONABLENESS AND
LEGITIMACY OF
SHANGHAI VEHICLE QUOTA SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

Recently, Shanghai Vehicle Quota System (VQS) aroused a lot of controversy.
Having summed up the controversy in three questions, I analyze these questions and
demonstrate my opinions.
VQS could effectively buffer traffic jam and there are no better measures that can
replace VQS presently. It is essential for Shanghai government to implement VQS.
Therefore, Shanghai VQS is reasonable on this dimension.
The essence of VQS is road license. Limiting citizen’s driving liberty and property
right by setting up road license is not part of exclusive legislative matters of National
People’s Congress and its mittee. Shanghai Council has the power to set
up road license on its own so Shanghai VQS is not illegal. However, connecting road
license with vehicle registration contravenes laws. For this reason, Shanghai Council
should separate road license from vehicle registration.
Currently, there is no suitable means of distributing vehicle quota besides Open
Bidding System (OBS). OBS could distribute road resources effectively and fairly. On
the one hand, it is the best proposal in the present day. On the other hand, this proposal
contravenes the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative