文档介绍：无锡工艺职业技术学院
毕业设计(论文)
题目:基于单片机的直流电机测速系统
系部: 电子信息系
专业: 应用电子技术
学号:
学生姓名:
指导教师:
职称: 讲师
二O一一年 5月 11 日
摘要
转速是发动机重要的工作参数之一,也是其它参数计算的重要依据。目前常用的转速测量方法有离心式转速表测速法、测速发电机测速法、光电码盘测速法和霍尔元件测速法等。在对各种测速方法进行分析后提出了基于光电传感器的转速测量系统。详细分析了系统的组成及工作原理,给出了系统中各硬件模块设计方法及系统软件设计方法,给出了部分程序流程图和程序清单。该测速系统安装维护方便,工作稳定,运行可靠,具有较大的推广应用价值。
转速测量通常有以下几种传感器可选:电涡流转速传感器、无源磁电转速传感器、有源磁电转速传感器等。具体需要选择哪类传感器,则要根据转速测量的要求而定。如:低速测量是否需要检测零转速,高速测量的最高转速,转速发生的装置情况。转速发生装置有以下几种:用标准的渐开线齿轮(M1~M5)作转速发生信号、在转轴上开一键槽
目前科研生产中采用的速度测量方法可分为两类;直接测量法和间接测量法两大类。直接测量法是通过某种测量原理或效应直接获得速度量, 如多普勒测速仪、空间滤波测速等。这种方法的最大优点是反应快、可测量瞬时速度,但设备成本高,且受到大气物理环境的限制。间接测量法是测量目标的移动距离和时间, 通过计算得到速度量, 如光电测速、光栅测速、磁栅测速和图像测速等,用于测量小型弹丸的天幕法和光幕法测速系统、用于车辆测速的激光测速仪,以及用于生产流水线上的光电脉冲测速方法等等
关键词:单片机;光电转速传感器;转速测量;数据处理;1602液晶显示器
Abstract
The rotate speed is one of the important parameters for the engine, and it is also the important factor that calculates other parameters. At present there are many methods for the tachometric survey measurement. After analyze various rotate speed measurement methods, the photoelectric sensor tachometric survey system is presented. position and the principle of the system are presented, and the design method of hardware and the software are also presented. The whole system has the bigger promotion application value.
Speeds measurements are usually several : electric sensors optional lesson, speed sensor ic and electric speed sensor source, there is a source ic and electric speed sensor, etc. Specific needs, then what kind of sensor based on measurements of the speed required. For example, at the measuring whether we need to detect zero speed, high speed of the highest speeds, the device speed. the device speed has the following : with standard line is getting on the m1 (~ m5) for speed has in turn, hinges on one tank
The speed of scientific research in the measurement can be divided into two types of direct and indirect ; the the two categories. A direct measurement method is through a direct measurement of principle or effec