文档介绍：摘 要
惯用语在汉语中占有非常重要的地位。由于惯用语具有精炼准确、通俗易懂、生动形象、幽默含蓄等语言特点,这使得它成为对外汉语词汇教学中非常重要的组成部分,同时也成为对外汉语词汇教学的重点和难点所在。它可以激发起留学生学****汉语的兴趣,成为传播中华文化以及培养留学生跨文化交际的重要途径和手段。然而,由于中西方文化差异的存在,留学生受其本国文化的影响,这种对于中国人来说很容易理解的惯用语,却成了外国学****者在学****和理解汉语过程中的拦路虎。虽然学者们在惯用语的研究方面取得了很大的成绩,但是以前的研究大部分集中在惯用语的本体研究方面,把惯用语同对外汉语教学结合起来进行研究的很少。本文拟在已有的惯用语研究的基础上,通过偏误分析理论分析惯用语教学中以及留学生在使用惯用语过程中存在的问题,并提出一些对外汉语惯用语教学的建议。
本文共分三部分: 第一部分为绪论。该部分简单介绍了选题的原因、目的及意义,并对国内在惯用语研
究方面的现状进行了综述。然后归纳和总结了不同学者对于惯用语定义的看法和观点,并分析了惯用语同成语、谚语以及歇后之间的区别。最后,讨论了对外汉语惯用语教学的意义所在。
第二部分对留学生使用惯用语常见偏误及其原因进行了分析。首先,通过举例子的方式分析了留学生在使用惯用语过程中经常出现的偏误。这些偏误包括语义偏误、语法偏误以及语用偏误。最后,本章分析了导致这些偏误产生的原因。这些原因包括母语文化的影响、已学汉语知识的影响、学****策略不当的影响等。
第三部分根据留学生出现偏误的情况及原因,提出了对外汉语惯用语教学的几点建议。希望这些建议能够对对外汉语惯用语教学有所帮助。
关键词:惯用语、对外汉语教学、惯用语教学
Abstract
Idioms play a very important role in Chinese language. They have many characteristics, such as accurate, easy to understand and vivid image, which makes them e an important part in the teaching Chinese as a foreign language. At the same time, they also have been the key and difficulty of the Chinese language teaching. It can stimulate the interest of students in learning Chinese. It has e an important way to spread Chinese culture and cultivate students’ cross-munication. However, because of the different cultures between China and other countries, what seems easy for the Chinese has e the barrier for the foreigners to learn Chinese. Although some authors have made a great progress in the Chinese idioms research, these researches only pay attention to the Chinese idioms. There is little research which is done bining the Chinese idioms with the Chinese teaching. Based on the former researches, this thesis focuses on analyzing the errors which happens in the idiom using.
This thesis consists of three parts. The first part is introduction, which discusses the reasons and significance of idiom research, then summarizes the research situations at home and abroad. The second part summarizes the scholars’ different opinions on the definition of the idioms,