文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
电力系统无功电压优化的模型与算法研究
姓名:胡德峰
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:电力系统及其自动化
指导教师:张步涵
20060430
摘要
电力系统跨大区电网的互联和电力市场的发展在带来明显的经济效益的同时,也
对电力系统的安全稳定性提出了严峻的挑战。电压无功集散协调优化控制系统因为能
灵活协调局部与整体的关系,从而实现全局最有控制的目的日益得到人们重视。其核
心功能模块是电力系统的无功优化和电压稳定分析。
本文以分岔分析法为理论基础,将电压稳定的裕度指标加入到无功优化中,提出
了考虑电压稳定裕度的无功优化模型。该模型等式约束条件为带负荷系数的潮流约束
方程,所有负荷节点消耗的功率同比例增长,用无功优化后极限稳定状态与系统初始
状态负荷系数的差值表示系统的电压稳定裕度,使系统在满足网损最小,电压质量最
好的同时达到电压稳定裕度最大的目标。
遗传算法和粒子群优化算法是目前应用于电力系统无功优化较多的算法。本文改
进了遗传算法的编码、变异、交叉以及保留最优个体等操作,在改进遗传算法后期引
入BP神经网络计算适应度值,提高了计算的速度和精度;并采用非劣最优解集思想提
出了适合于电力系统多目标无功优化的改进粒子群优化算法,包括对粒子最优位置的
选取及非劣最优解集的适应度函数设计等。
最后对无功优化后的系统静态稳定临界点进行特征结构分析,指出电压薄弱稳定
区和影响电压稳定的关键发电机,对电压稳定的预防控制给出了较为详细的参考数
据。

关键词:无功优化电压稳定裕度分岔分析法遗传算法粒子群优化算法
特征结构分析法
I
Abstract
During the connection of the big grids and the application of open-access market
principles, the security and stability of the power systems e a big challenge. The
scheme of optimal coordinated-correlative voltage and reactive power control are can
neatly realize optimal coordinate control, its cores are reactive power optimization and
voltage stability analysis.
The model of reactive power optimization concerning voltage stability margin is
presented based the theory of the bifurcation. The equational restrictions are power flow
equations with load coefficients, the power of all the nodes increase synchronously. The
difference of load coefficients between initial power system and up-limiting stable one after
reactive power optimization means voltage stability margin, make the power system
achieve three aims: minimal power loss, best voltage quality and maximal voltage stability
margin.
ic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are the two popular algorithms that
are applied in reactive power optimization. In the paper, the operations such as code, cross,
mutation and preserving best individual are improved. With BP artificial work,
the result of ic algorithm e more precise. The Pareto optimal set is introduced t