文档介绍：Transplantation
Peng Zhang, Urology Department
West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Acknowlegements
To Prof. Lu Yiping Prof. Wang jia Prof. Lin tao and Prof. Wang li
To other Colleagues working on renal and liver transplantation
Dream of Paranoia
Dream of excellent surgeon who wants to excel himself.
Dream of excellent scientist who believe nothing is impossible.
Transplantation is a Dream?
Contents
Basic concepts of transplantation
an transplantation
Renal Transplantation, RT
Transplantation Immunology
MHC and Tissue Matching
Graft Rejection
Immunosuppression
Definition of Transplantation
Implantation of “non-self” tissue into the body
the process of taking cells, tissues, ans called a graft (transplant), from one part or individual and placing them into another (usually different individual).
donor : the individual who provides the graft.
recipient or host: the individual who receives the graft.
Blood Transfusion
First attempts were esful (MISMATCH)
Discovery of blood groups (Red cell antigens)
A-B Landsteiner 1900
Rh Levine, Stetson 1939
esful transfusion = Transplantation
Others: Bone, Tissue-engineering, etc
Transplantation
Organ Transplantation
Types
Autologous graft (autograft) : within an individual, autotransplantation
Syngeneic graft (syngraft, isograft) : identical twins, isotransplantation
Allogeneic graft (allograft, homograft) : non-identical, allotransplantation
Xenogeneic graft (heterologous graft, heterograft) : between species, xenotransplantation
Classification of Renal Transplantation
Auto-RT
Cadaveric
Allograft RT Living related
Living Donor
Living unrelated
Xenograft RT (In experimental)
Transplantation History
experimental kidney transplantation -1912
Alexis Carel-Nobel prize
1935 human kidney transplant in Russia - rejection
. Medawar (1945) skin grafts
Self skin accepted
Relative not accepted ! What is the difference ?
Immunologic mechanism
A. Mitchison (1950)
Lymphocytes are responsible for rejection