文档介绍:服装制造企业供应链风险评估研究
摘要:由于服装供应链的复杂性以及市场需求的多变性,我国服装企业普遍面临着很多风险,而这些风险是服装供应链不稳定的重要原因。本文从分析服装制造业供应链的特点出发,
给出了服装制造企业供应链模型,构造了服装制造企业供应链风险评估指标体系,应用层次分析法建立了服装制造企业供应链风险评估模型,最后给出实例予以说明。
关键词:服装制造业;供应链;风险评估;层次分析法
Research on the Supply Chain Risk Evaluation of Apparel
Manufacturing Enterprises
Abstract: Owing to plexity of apparel supply chain and variability of market demand, apparel manufactures in China face with many risks, which cause instable apparel supply chain. A structure model of supply chain in apparel manufacturing enterprises is given through analyzing its characteristics and its risk evaluation index system is presented. Application of analytical hierarchy process apparel manufacturing enterprise supply chain risk assessment model is established. Then an example is given as the illustration.
Key words: apparel manufacturing enterprise; supply chain; risk evaluation; analytical hierarchy process
近年来,随着科技进步和制造业的全球化趋势,市场需求日益复杂多变,面对产品生命周期缩短,多品种小批量和产品扩散现象,使得企业间的竞争不再是过去的企业与企业之间的竞争,而是供应链与供应链之间的竞争(Chen & Huang, 2006)[1],甚至产业链之间的竞争。供应链成员必须共同面对市场的不确定性及营运风险,维持供应链系统的稳定运作,才能产生共赢的局面。已有研究者指出供应链成员必须面对许多不确定来源,轻者如需求预测、运输状况、配送周期、进料品质、制造时间改变等变化因素(Christotpher & Lee, 2004)[2];严重者天灾、罢工、战乱等因素,从而引发供应中断及生产系统崩溃(Nommman & Jansson, 2004)[3]。企业必须减轻不确定因素所带来的损失,以提升其竞争优势,所以供应链风险管理以成为企业经营者极为关注的课题。
服装供应链是以某个节点企业企业为核心,通过信息流、物流、资金流的控制,从面辅料的采购开始,经过设计、加工制成成衣,最后由销售网络送到消费者手中(邵万清,卢素梅,2010)[4]。我国大多数的服装出口加工企业实质上是