文档介绍：摘要

摘要

20 世纪 90 年代以来,中国的改革进入了一个全新阶段,政治、经济、文化等各项
事业的蓬勃发展推动了语言的发展,涌现出了一大批新义词(在固有词义基础上衍生新
义的词语)。
本文作者通过《现代汉语词典》2005 年第 5 版与 1996 年修订版的对比,共搜集新
义词 350 个。本文以这些新义词为研究对象,运用定量分析和定性分析相结合的研究方
法,力图揭示近十年汉语新义词当中的某些规律,为深入研究词义的发展演变提供参考。
本文从词汇类型、音节分布、词性分布和产生原因等方面对 350 个新义词进行了分
析,并探讨了新义的产生途径,分析了新义词所反映出的社会时代特征。
行业语泛化增加新义、方言词产生新义和外来词产生新义是本时期词义演变中具有
时代特征的现象。当代新义词以双音节为主,单音节、三音节和四音节占少数;名词与
动词的数量基本持平,兼类现象较多。从产生原因看,新义词分为新事新义词、旧事新
义词和功能新义词,其中旧事新义词所占比重最大。
新义的产生途径分为修辞派生和非修辞派生两种情况,其中修辞派生法包括比喻
法、比拟法、借代法、委婉法、别解法等,非修辞派生法包括特指法、泛指法、引申法、
减缩法等。
当代新义词从五个方面折射出社会时代特征:旧事新义词的大量出现反映了当代求
新尚显的社会心理,修辞派生法的大量使用体现了当代人追求高雅的语用心理,经济行
业语泛化反映出经济建设已成为社会生活中的重要主题,科技行业语泛化和普通词语派
生专业义反映了科教进步的事实,新义词对外来词的吸收反映了中外文化交流的日益广
泛和深入。

关键词当代汉语;新义词;现代汉语词典
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Abstract

Abstract
Since 1990s, China’s reform has stepped into a new phase. The soaring development of
politics, economy, and culture has stimulated the development of Chinese language. There
have appeared a large number of words used with new meanings, that is, words that retain
their original meanings now produce more connotations.
By way parison and contrast between Modern Chinese Dictionary, 2005 edition
and 1996 edition, the writer of this paper has collected 350 words and used the method of
combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to reveal the rules of the words
used with new meanings and provide references for further study of the development and
changing of word meanings.
This paper has made a quantitative analysis in vocabulary patterns, syllables, part of
speech and origin of the 350 words. It has also made an approach to how these e
into being and analyzed their historical features by them.
Jargon extensively used with new meanings, dialects used with new meanings,loan
words used with new meanings are the historical features of the development of word
meanings in the last decade. Among the contemporary words with new meanings two-syllable
words are the majority whi