文档介绍：A Contrastive Study of Abstract Nouns in English and Chinese
Instructor: Wei Haiyan
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Introduction
The mayor said that he was very grateful because the construction workers were very dedicated petent.
The mayor expressed his appreciation of the dedication petence of the construction workers.
I am very glad that he will pany me to travel on the long journey.
I am very glad of pany on the long journey.
Source oriented classification:
Deverbal nouns Deadjectival nouns
Denominal nouns Direct conversion
In Functional Grammar, it is a kind of grammatical metaphor. It is metaphorical because it is an incongruent (非一致性) way of arranging sentences. Abstract expressions are existent in both Chinese and English, but their frequency and scope of usage are quiet different.
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2. 使用频率调查 Abstract expressions are quite populous in modern English. Early in 1931, American linguist 寇姆pointed: English tends to use nouns rather than verbs to express its predicate content.
[la] The standard research report, regardless of the field or the intended reader, contains four major sections. These sections may be broken down into a variety of subsections, and they may be arranged in a variety of ways, but they regularly make up the core of the report.
不论什么学科或什么样的阅读对象,标准的科研报告包合四大部分。这些部分又可分成许许多多的小部分,并且可以利用多种方式组成文章。但无论怎样,它们通常是报告的主体。
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Problem Section. The first required section of a research report is the statement of the problem with which the research project is concerned. This section requires a precise statement of the underlying question which the researcher has set out to answer. In this same section there should be an explanation of the significance—social, economic, medical, psychological, educational, etc. —of the question; in other words, why the investigation was worth conducting. Thus, if we set out, for example, to answer th