文档介绍：《孙子兵法》之我看始计篇化学与化工学院材料化学141毛昊旻《孙子兵法》是一个非常全面完整的体系,这个书篇幅不大,只有五千九百多个字,共十三篇。它自己本身有个逻辑体系。始计第一;LayingPlans作战第二;WagingWar谋攻第三;AttackbyStratagem军形第四;TacticalDispositions兵势第五;Energy虚实第六;WeakPointsandStrong军争第七;Maneuvering九变第八;VariationinTactics行军第九;TheArmyontheMarch地形第十;Terrain九地第十一;TheNineSituations火攻第十二;TheAttackbyFire用间第十三:TheUseofSpiesContent(一)对战争的基本态度(二)决定战争胜负的基本条件(三)实现战争胜利的条件(四)多算胜,少算不胜始计第一孙子曰:兵者,国之大事,死生之地,存亡之道,不可不察也。SunTzusaid:,,校之以计,而索其情:一曰道,二曰天,三曰地,四曰将,五曰法。Theartofwar,then,isgovernedbyfiveconstantfactors,ountinone'sdeliberations,:(1)TheMoralLaw;(2)Heaven;(3)Earth;(4)mander;(5),令民于上同意,可与之死,可与之生,而不危也;ordwiththeirruler,sothattheywillfollowhimregardlessoftheirlives,,阴阳、寒暑、时制也;Heavensignifiesnightandday,coldandheat,,远近、险易、广狭、死生也;prisesdistances,greatandsmall;dangerandsecurity;opengroundandnarrowpasses;,智、信、仁、勇、严也;manderstandsforthevirtuesofwisdom,sincerely,benevolence,,曲制、官道、主用也。Bymethodanddisciplinearetobeunderstoodthemarshalingofthearmyinitspropersubdivisions,thegraduationsofrankamongtheofficers,themaintenanceofroadsbywhichsuppliesmayreachthearmy,,将莫不闻,知之者胜,不知之者不胜。Thesefiveheadsshouldbefamiliartoeverygeneral:hewhoknowsthemwillbevictorious;,而索其情,曰:主孰有道?Therefore,inyourdeliberations,hemilitaryconditions,parison,inthiswise:——将孰有能?天地孰得?法令孰行?兵众孰强?士卒孰练?赏罚孰明?吾以此知胜负矣。(1)WhichofthetwosovereignsisimbuedwiththeMorallaw?(2)Whichofthetwogeneralshasmostability?(3)WithwhomlietheadvantagesderivedfromHeavenandEarth?(4)Onwhichsideisdisciplinemostrigorouslyenforced?(5)Whicharmyisstronger?(6)Onwhichsideareofficersandmenmorehighlytrained?(7)Inwhicharmyistherethegreaterconstancybothinrewardandpunishment?BymeansofthesesevenconsiderationsIcanforecastvic