文档介绍：·
第 18 卷第 5 期
2011 年 9 月
学校体育·
体育学刊
Journal of Physical Education
新中国成立以来我国体育锻炼标准的变迁
梁恒,李静波14
(中山大学教育学院体育教育系,广东广州 510275)
摘
要:通过对我国不同时期体育锻炼标准出台的历史背景、实施情况进行梳理,并对这一
标准变迁进行分析,概括出新中国成立以来我国体育锻炼标准演变过程中所表现出的规律性:制
订过程从学习借鉴到自主研制转变;测试内容从体能主导向注重体质健康转变;测试对象由广泛
性到针对性转变;测试手段从纯人工向半智能化过渡;执行态度从自愿性向强制性转变;评价方
法从达标法到评分法转变;标准地位从部门规章上升到国家战略高度。演变过程体现了鲜明的时
代性、健身性、激励性、灵活性和可操作性等特征。并从社会和人的全面发展视角,提出了持继
发展的对策:正视标准的战略地位、改革标准的管理方法、完善标准的评价体系、提高标准测试
的科技含量、突破标准执行中的传统阻力、强化标准的法规约束力。
关
键词:体育评价;体育锻炼标准;中国
中图分类号:
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1006-7116(2011)05-0066-05
Transition of the physical exercise standard in China since its founding
LIANG Heng,LI Jing-bo
(Department of Physical Education,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)
Abstract: By examining the historical background for the launch of and implementation of the physical exercise
standard in China in different periods, and by analyzing the transition of this standard, the authors summed up the
following patterns shown in the process of evolution of the physical exercise standard in China since its founding:
the establishment process changed from learning or referring to independent development, the test content changed
from emphasizing physical stamina to focusing on physical fitness, the test subject changed from general to specific,
the test means transited from purely manual to semi-inte