文档介绍：基于 DSP 与 FPGA 的扫描控制系统研究与设计
摘要
微波成像扫描仪是气象卫星上的一个重要设备。扫描控制系统是扫
描仪的电气控制执行机构,其控制性能直接关系到扫描仪的成像精度和
卫星的任务完成情况。本文为满足微波成像仪高精度伺服控制的要求,
设计了基于 DSP 与 FPGA 相配合的扫描伺服控制系统,并分析了系统结
构组成,研究了控制策略,对系统的软硬件进行了设计。系统以无刷直
流电机作为控制对象,采用双闭环控制策略,实现了低速度大惯量负载
驱动控制和转动惯量的平衡补偿。
论文简要介绍了无刷直流电机的工作原理和数学模型,分析了转矩
脉动产生的原因及减小转矩脉动的方法。在总体结构设计方面,两片 DSP
芯片分别控制驱动电机与补偿电机,一片 FPGA 芯片辅助两片 DSP 芯片
实现数据通讯、数据采样、速度计算等功能。硬件设计部分,完成了外
围电路如电机驱动功率电路,反馈采样电路,串口通信电路和电源电路
的硬件设计,论文分别以 TMS320F2812 和 EP2C20 为核心,对 DSP 与
FPGA 子系统模块进行了配置与设计。软件设计部分,实现了 DSP 与
FPGA 的数据传输、扫描电机速度计算、PWM 信号调节、信号采集、转
速与电流控制等功能,详细分析了满足稳速伺服要求的双闭环控制策略,
其中速度调节环调节环采用神经网络 PID 控制算法、电流调节环采用抗
饱和 PI 控制算法。
本文建立了实际的扫描控制系统实验系统,实验结果表明,该系统
软硬件设计合理,运行可靠,性能稳定。
关键词:数字信号处理器可编程逻辑门阵列无刷直流电机神经网络
I
The Research and Design of Scanning Control System based on DSP and
FPGA
ABSTRACT
Microwave infrared scanner is important portable equipment in
meteorological Satellites. Scanning control system is the Electrical Control
Actuator of the scanner, and its performance decides the imaging accuracy of
the scanner and the pletion of the satellites. According to the high
precision requirements of the microwave infrared scanner, the servo control
system based on DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is presented and the structure, control scheme and
the hardware and software design of the system are analyzed. The brushless
DC motor is used in the system as its driven motor, and dual-loop control
posed by current loop, velocity loop is designed to implement a
high inertia load drive control at a slow speed and the balance of the moment
of inertia.
In this paper, the brushless DC motor’s working principles and
mathematical models is briefly introduced. Besides that, the causes of the
torque ripples and how to reduce the torque ripples are analyzed. The whole
system control structure is consisted of two DSP chips and one FPGA chip,
One DSP is used to control drive motor and the other DSP is use