文档介绍：摘要
近红外光无创伤检测乳腺癌的研究是国内外生物医学工程界研究的热点之一。
1995 年至 2001 年,美国宾夕法尼亚大学研制的“Runman 仪”和我校生科院师
生与海军工程大学合作研制成功的“TBO 乳腺肿瘤检测仪”,在我国国内检测 336 例
乳腺肿块组织血、氧含量,并以“高血低氧”两参数诊断乳腺癌,其敏感性达 %,
受到医学界的关注。但以上两仪器均采用全光源照射,双滤光片过滤波长,具有体
积大,须配置记录仪,无病例存储功能,滤光片易老化,双滤光片检测对 1cm 以下
的肿块检测准确性较低的缺点。
本文报告的“手持式乳腺肿瘤检测仪”系在解剖分析了“Runman 仪”和“TBO
乳腺肿瘤检测仪”电路和建模原理优缺点的基础上研制。其探头以中心波长分别为
660nm 和 880nm 两 LED 作为照射光源,单一 PIN 光电二极管接受光信号。660nm
和 880nm 两 LED 分时交替发光,频率可调。前置放大电路采用精密运放 OPA364,
使放大电路引入的噪声仅为光电二极管散粒噪声的 1%。利用 PCB 设计的布局、屏
蔽、接地和去耦技术避免电路的噪声耦合到光检测信号。对采样信号采用平均和差
值运算去除了部分随机噪声和背景光噪声。针对“Runman 仪”和“TBO 乳腺肿瘤
检测仪”的缺陷编写的使用界面清晰,具备存储和查询的功能。通过锂电池供电和
合适的外围器件设计在保证患者安全的前提下实现了仪器的一体化和便携化。
对仪器进行了血模型实验和临床实验研究。血模型实验结果表明,仪器能准确
检测模型的血含量和氧含量变化;临床研究表明对恶性肿瘤的检测敏感性为 %,
对良性肿块的检测特异性为 %,准确性为 %。证明其具有携带方便和检测准
确性高等优点。
关键词:乳腺癌近红外光血含量氧含量
II
Abstract
The study of using near-infrared light to non-invasively detect breast cancer has been
a worldwide hot issue in the field of biomedical engineering.
From 1995 to 2001, the “Runman” instrument developed by University of
Pennsylvania in USA and the “TBO Breast Tumor Detector” developed by College of Life
Science and Technology in Huazhong University of Science and Technology and
University of Naval Engineering was used to detect the relative blood concentration and the
relative oxygenation level of 336 breast tumors in China. High relative blood concentration
and low relative blood oxygenation level are used to diagnose breast cancer. Because their
sensitivities are more than %, these two instruments have caught the notice of the
medicine circle. These two instruments use a broadband light source to illuminate breast,
and two light filters to choose wavelength. They have the disadvantages of large size,
needing recorder, lacking storing function, fast aging of light filter, and low accuracy of
diagnosing the lesions smaller than 1cm.
The “Hand Breast Tumor Detector” presented in this thesis is developed after
analyzing the circuits and the modeling