文档介绍：Gertrude Bell
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Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE (July 14, 1868 – July 12, 1926; aged 57) was a
British writer, traveler, political analyst, administrator in Arabia, and an archaeologist who
mapped and identified Anatolian and Mesopotamian ruins. She was mander
of the Order of the British Empire in 1917.
Bell and T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) are recognized as almost wholly responsible
for creating the Hashemite dynasty in Jordan and the modern state of Iraq. During her life,
she was an unsung force behind the ess of the Arab revolt in World War I. At the
conclusion of the war, she drew up borders within Mesopotamia to include the three
Ottoman Empire vilayets that later became Iraq.
Contents
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● 1 Early life
● 2 Travels and writings
● 3 Anti-Suffrage League
● 4 War and political career
❍ Work in the Middle East
❍ Creation of Iraq
❍ Baghdad Archaeological Museum
● 5 Death
● 6 External links
● 7 References
● 8 Notes
Early life
Bell was born in Washington Hall, County Durham, England, to a family of great affluence.
She was a granddaughter of industrialist Isaac Lowthian Bell. In her early years, she
attended the new Queen's College, then at age 17, she enrolled in Lady Margaret Hall,
Oxford, where she gained a first class honors degree in history in on