文档介绍：Ch01_001-008_Klabunde 4/21/04 10:51 AM Page 1
chapter
Introduction to the Cardiovascular
System 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES THE REGULATION OF CARDIAC AND
THE NEED FOR A CIRCULATORY SYSTEM VASCULAR FUNCTION
THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE THE CONTENT OF THE FOLLOWING
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM CHAPTERS
THE FUNCTIONS OF THE HEART AND SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
BLOOD VESSELS REVIEW QUESTIONS
Heart
Vascular System
Interdependence of Circulatory and
Organ Function
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Understanding the concepts presented in this chapter will enable the student to:
1. Explain why anisms require a circulatory system, while single-cell and small multi-
anisms do not.
2. Describe the series and parallel arrangement of the cardiac chambers, pulmonary circula-
tion, and ans of the systemic circulation.
3. Describe the pathways for the flow of blood through the heart chambers and large vessels
associated with the heart.
4. Describe, in general terms, the primary functions of the heart and vasculature.
5. Explain how the autonomic nerves and kidneys serve as a negative feedback system for
the control of arterial blood pressure.
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Ch01_001-008_Klabunde 4/21/04 10:51 AM Page 2
2 CHAPTER 1
THE NEED FOR A CIRCULATORY throughout the body as an energy source.
SYSTEM Some of the waste products of these cells are
taken up by the blood and transported to
All living cells require metabolic substrates ans for metabolic processing and fi-
(., oxygen, amino acids, glucose) and a nal elimination through either the gastroin-
mechanism by which they can remove by- testinal tract or the kidneys.
products of metabolism (., carbon dioxide, Cells require a proper balance of water and
lactic acid). Single-anisms exchange electrolytes (., sodium, potassium, and cal-
these substances directly with their environ- cium) to function. The circulation transports
ment through diffusion and cellular tr